Lumbar isthmic fracture and spondylolisthesis refer to the fracture of the lumbar isthmus due to degenerative changes, trauma or congenital factors. They are not always symptomatic in the early stages and are sometimes unintentionally detected on radiographs for other reasons. Most of them have a long history of lower back pain, which is intermittent at first, but later may be persistent, and the pain may radiate to the sacrococcygeal region, buttocks or the back of the thighs at the same time. In severe cases, the pain affects normal life, often intensifies after exertion, and disappears or significantly reduces after lying down. On physical examination, the pain is mostly in the spinous process, interspinous or paraspinous pressure. The diagnosis is usually confirmed on the basis of X-rays (including frontal, lateral and left-right oblique views, plus power films if necessary), unless combined with severe neurological symptoms or differentiated from other diseases, CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations are not required. Treatment: Non-surgical treatment: for simple dislocation, no significant slippage, and mild clinical symptoms. The main measures include: lumbar back muscle exercise, lumbar brace or lumbar girth protection, avoiding lumbar trauma, heavy load and strenuous activities and symptomatic treatment: lumbar physiotherapy, massage (never massage), oral antispasmodic and analgesic drugs, etc. Surgery: At present, posterior decompression, repositioning and fixation fusion are mostly used for cases with displaced vertebral segments. The internal fixation now placed in the body is mostly titanium alloy products, which are compatible with human tissue and have no rejection and allergic reactions when placed in the body for a long time, and do not affect CT and MRI examination, which helps postoperative review.