What are the treatments for femoroacetabular impingement?

  Non-surgical treatment All patients can try non-surgical treatment in the early stages of the disease by changing their movement patterns, avoiding over-range joint activities and reducing the amount of motion to reduce the frequency and intensity of femoroacetabular impingement; using anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs; and targeted physical rehabilitation exercises. Non-surgical treatment methods can relieve pain but do not help in the removal of the cause. Dissection (dislocation) surgery Arthrotomy dislocation surgery has long been the recommended treatment for femoroacetabular impingement. The surgical operation consists of shaping the cephalocervical region in the case of an unrounded femoral head; removing the excess acetabular rim bone and performing acetabular shaping; correcting the posterior tilt of the acetabulum using a periacetabular osteotomy; and for glenoid labral injuries, either cleaning or suturing after acetabular shaping.  Toe weight-bearing and hip flexion is limited to 70% for 6-8 weeks after surgery; protected walking and mobility exercises are performed after 6-8 weeks; sports are gradually resumed at 25 weeks after surgery .  Arthroscopic surgery In the last decade, hip arthroscopy has gradually gained popularity and is becoming more and more widely used. The most common arthroscopic pathology in patients with femoroacetabular impingement is acetabular glenoid labral injury, and treatment includes glenoid labral debridement for irreparable injuries and repair of healthy glenoid labral tissue with good healing prospects. For a clamped impingement, the hyperplastic acetabular rim can be removed arthroscopically. For cam-type impingement, bone reduction (plication) of the femoral head and neck junction area is performed to reconstruct the eccentric distance of the head and neck junction area and the rounded morphology of the femoral head.  Postoperative weight bearing of less than 20lbs (9kg) is required for 4-8 weeks; normal sports and exercise are gradually resumed 3-4 months after surgery; full-load exercise can usually be resumed 5-6 months after surgery, but patients can feel improvement in symptoms for up to 1 year after surgery.  Complications of hip arthroscopy are greatly reduced compared to incisional surgery.