Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract that is highly malignant and difficult to diagnose and treat. The exact cause of the development of pancreatic cancer has not been found yet, but there are many risk factors that are closely related to the development of pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic cancer is a common and highly malignant tumor of the digestive system, the incidence of which is increasing year by year worldwide, and the death rate has jumped to the top five of all tumors. The annual incidence of pancreatic cancer in the United States is reported to be 42,470 cases and 35,240 deaths, ranking the fifth cause of death-related diseases. Despite the great progress in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer, its prognosis is still not optimistic, half of the patients die within 5 months after diagnosis, and after surgical resection, except for a few specialized hospitals and professional doctors, most of the reported five-year survival rate of patients is between 10%-20%, and the overall five-year survival rate still hovers around 5%, replacing liver cancer as the “king of cancer”. The overall five-year survival rate still hovers around 5%, replacing liver cancer as the “king of cancer”. Unhealthy lifestyle First of all, it is an unhealthy lifestyle. Smoking is the only recognized risk factor that has a definite effect on the development of pancreatic cancer. A large number of foreign prospective studies and case-control studies have shown that the risk ratio of pancreatic cancer patients who smoke and non-smokers who die is 1.6-3.1:1, and the amount of smoking is positively correlated with the development of pancreatic cancer. There is no significant correlation between moderate alcohol consumption and pancreatic cancer, but long-term heavy alcohol consumption may increase the risk. In addition, some foreign studies have concluded that the risk of pancreatic cancer will increase significantly with more than 3 cups of coffee per day. Imbalanced diet The World Cancer Research Fund and the American Institute for Cancer Research summarized the results of a study on the relationship between diet and pancreatic cancer and concluded that foods rich in red meat (pork, beef, lamb), high fat and high energy may increase the risk of pancreatic cancer, while a diet rich in vegetables and fruits can prevent 33%-50% of the incidence of pancreatic cancer. A diet rich in vegetables and fruits as well as green beverages such as fruit juices and green tea have ingredients with antioxidant effects, which prevent cell damage and even enable damaged cells to repair. Therefore, there may be a preventive effect against pancreatic cancer. The fiber and vitamin C in plant foods may also have a protective effect. If we only like to eat foods rich in red meat (pork, beef and lamb), high in fat and energy that taste good in our daily life, and do not eat a diet rich in vegetables and fruits, and binge drink, we will increase the risk of not only pancreatic cancer, but also other cancers such as bowel cancer. Disease-related factors Diabetes mellitus or abnormal glucose tolerance as the cause of pancreatic cancer is still debated, and the debate mainly focuses on whether diabetes mellitus is an early symptom or complication of pancreatic cancer or a causative factor, and those in favor of it as the cause prevail at present. In particular, patients with sudden onset diabetes without a family history of diabetes should be screened for pancreatic cancer. Genetic factors Epidemiological studies have confirmed that pancreatic cancer has a familial clustering feature, and among pancreatic cancer patients, those with a family history of pancreatic cancer are 3-13 times more likely than those without a family history of pancreatic cancer. Inflammatory factors Evidence has shown that recurrent chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic duct stones or calculous pancreatitis may be a pre-cancerous lesion. Malignant transformation of benign tumors There are several benign tumors in the pancreas, but primary benign tumors, such as mucinous cystadenoma and intraductal mucinous papilloma are likely to malign to pancreatic cancer. If we can avoid these risk factors and manage them appropriately and early. It is possible that the growth of pancreatic cancer can be curbed.