The prognosis of advanced thyroid cancer is poor, and strict testing is needed to prevent recurrence. The main treatments for thyroid cancer include surgery, postoperative radioiodine therapy, and TSH suppression therapy. Surgery is the first choice of treatment, which removes the lesion by removing the thyroid gland and selective central lymph node dissection. There are four common types of thyroid cancer: papillary, follicular, undifferentiated and medullary. The first two types are less malignant and have a high survival rate even in advanced stages. It has been reported that the 10-year survival rate of advanced papillary thyroid cancer reaches 92% after active and effective treatment. Undifferentiated carcinoma with high malignant degree and advanced stage has an average survival time of about 6 months after active treatment. Thyroid cancer is often treated with radioactive iodine therapy after surgery to avoid recurrence of residual lesions, and TSH suppression therapy is also a common treatment mode after surgery, which mainly serves to meet the hormone needs of the body and inhibit recurrence. Long-term, regular and strict monitoring, at least once a year with neck ultrasound and Tg level measurement, is essential after thyroid cancer surgery to rule out risks in time.