Kidney cysts and kidney stones are both common diseases of the urinary system, and the differences between the two include different causes, different symptoms, different treatments and so on. 1. Different etiology: renal cysts mainly originate from renal tubular diverticulum, which is a kind of cystic hyperplasia in the renal parenchyma. On the other hand, kidney stones are formed due to the precipitation of urinary salt crystals in the urine. 2. Symptoms are different: simple renal cysts are generally asymptomatic, if the cyst is large, it may also be manifested as lumbago, lumbar distension and so on. On the other hand, patients with kidney stones usually show symptoms such as abdominal cramps, hematuria, nausea, vomiting and fever. In the ultrasound, CT and other imaging performance is also completely different, kidney cysts are generally low-density shadow, kidney stones are high-density shadow. 3. Different treatments: If simple kidney cysts are small and asymptomatic, regular follow-up is sufficient; if the cysts are large in diameter, surgical treatment is available. For kidney stones, smaller stones can be treated conservatively by drinking more water and being active, or by extracorporeal lithotripsy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Patients with renal cysts and kidney stones should seek timely examination and active treatment.