Health checkup is a health-centered physical examination. The Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China on August 5, 2009 promulgated the Ministry of Health Medical Affairs [2009] No. 77 document “Interim Provisions on Health Examination Management” proposed “health examination refers to the medical means and methods of physical examination of the subject to understand the health status of the subject, early detection of disease clues and health risks of the treatment behavior. “
Health checkups are physical examinations by medical means and methods, including basic examinations of clinical departments, including ultrasound, electrocardiography, radiation and other medical equipment, as well as laboratory tests around the body’s blood and urine. Health checkups are health-centered physical examinations. Generally medical doctors consider health checkups to be comprehensive examinations of the body when the body has not yet developed obvious diseases. It is convenient to understand the body condition and screen the body for diseases. In other words, the physical examination of healthy people by means of medical examination is “health checkup”, or “preventive health checkup”.
Health checkups are used to understand the health status of the subject, to identify any abnormal signs according to the examination results, and to further analyze the nature of these abnormal signs. Some abnormal signs are physiological variations that can be reviewed regularly, while others may be risk factors for diseases that require intervention and correction through health promotion; and some signs are diagnostic bases for diseases that require further examination and confirmation.
Physical examination is the first step of medical treatment, the diagnosis of symptoms or diseases and their associated factors. In the past, medical checkups for the purpose of disease diagnosis and treatment were generally called “medical checkups” because only doctors were consulted when there was a disease. Medical checkups for entry into the workplace, schooling, military service, driver’s licenses, going abroad, marriage, insurance, and other procedures are called “social medical checkups” because they are for a specific job or behavior. Medical checkups for healthy or subhealthy people who are not yet sick, are not yet sick or will be sick, and are considered health checkups.
With the increasing prominence of food safety issues, people are increasingly focusing on judging their own health in advance, and the health concept of “treating illnesses early and preventing illnesses” is gradually gaining popularity. “Health management” has also become an important idea of the world’s health care system in the 21st century. Therefore, medical and health institutions around China have launched “health-centered” medical checkup services to meet people’s needs. These health screening institutions mainly provide medical checkup services for healthy people and are developing rapidly, becoming an important part of the national health management and making an important contribution to the development of China’s health care industry.
At present, the domestic medical checkup market is mainly divided into four parts, occupied by hospitals, sanatoriums, outpatient clinics and health checkup centers. Many hospitals recognize that health checkup centers are a revenue generator and a new economic growth point for hospitals. It has even been suggested that in the near future, medical treatment, equipment and health checkups will become a three-legged source of income for hospitals.
Every year, nearly 100 million people in the country undergo medical checkups, and the market size is around 10 billion, while the high-end medical checkup market accounts for about one-third of the entire medical checkup market. The size of the medical checkup market is growing at a 2-digit annual rate, with the high-end consumer market increasing at an annual rate of 30%, and the market potential is huge. With the improvement of people’s living standards and health care awareness, people are increasingly aware of the importance of daily health care, regular checkups for health, as the current hot spot in the health industry, medical checkup business is emerging around the health checkup market prospects are very promising.
Health check-ups as an industry first appeared in the United States in the 1940s. After the Second World War, people needed to be healthy and to know if they could tolerate disease-causing factors. How to keep their bodies fit; whether to be passively diagnosed and treated after illness or actively seek out a doctor for examination. In 1947, the American Medical Association first introduced the concept of “health checkup” and solemnly recommended that healthy people over 35 years old should have a comprehensive physical examination once a year.
According to statistics, in 2008, the total market volume of health check-ups in China reached 196 million, and the market capacity has formed a certain scale; in 2009, the total market volume of health check-ups grew to 230 million, an increase of 17.06% compared with the previous year; in 2010, the total market volume of health check-ups further expanded to 287 million, an increase of 24.84% compared with the previous year. In summary, China’s total health checkup market has formed a certain scale and continues to grow.
According to the “China Health Checkup Industry Development Prospects and Investment Strategic Planning Analysis Report Foresight”, according to the results of the fourth national health service survey published by the Ministry of Health: from 1999 to 2008, an average of about 10 million new chronic cases were added each year; in 2008, the number of chronic disease cases with clear diagnosis by doctors nationwide reached 260 million. Facing the huge group of sick people, professional medical check-ups can play an important role in their health information collection, risk assessment and prediction, health maintenance, health education and health guidance, etc., which has become an important driving force for the rapid development of professional medical check-ups.
Significance of physical examination edit
Health checkups enable early detection of diseases and risk factors affecting health. Diseases are abnormal life activities in which internal regulatory mechanisms are disrupted by damaging factors. Regular medical checkups and early detection can counteract and resist their abnormal activities and avoid suffering when symptoms appear
Health checkups provide the subject with an objective description of the examination results and a hint of hidden health problems, and further examination of diseases belongs to the category of medical checkups for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
Regular health checkups are used to detect new abnormal signs from the findings of visual, tactile and auditory examinations;
Regular health checkups can detect qualitative changes in the body from the quantitative changes in routine laboratory data;
Regular health checkups are supplemented with new items and content as we age to achieve early diagnosis and treatment.
Medicine emerged and developed in a long-term struggle with diseases and even in a life-and-death struggle. With the development of the economy and the improvement of diet and living conditions, the old spectrum of disease occurrence, etc., has become a thing of the past. The reduction of physical labor intensity, the acceleration of work pace, the increase of psychological stress, and the changes in the environment and disease-causing factors make it necessary to recognize new diseases. Regular health checkups, timely and early detection of abnormal signs, correct diagnosis and effective treatment measures, elimination of diseases in the bud, provide advance protection for health, and become a fashion to promote physical and mental health.
Health checkups are physical examinations that detect new abnormal signs from sight, touch, sound, and become an important way of self-care and active health;
Health checkups can reveal the information of qualitative changes in the body from the quantitative changes of various laboratory data, which is conducive to the early detection of diseases;
Health checkups can find the adverse factors affecting health and correct the effects of poor lifestyles;
Health check-ups guide the correction of self-regulatory mechanisms and maintain the balance of the internal and external environment of the organism;
Health check-ups promote “early prevention, early diagnosis and early treatment” and eliminate diseases in the bud.
Health checkups also save medical economic expenses. In the long run, in case a disease is not detected in time, it will cost much more money in the future, and the disease is even more than money can calculate. The expenditure on medical checkups is worth more than the cost of treatment after the disease, and the consumption of health products that are not effective.
Necessity
(1), health is their own: regular comprehensive health check-ups, “regular audit”, “annual check-up”, to achieve the goal of prevention.
(2), health is dynamic: regular comprehensive health check-ups to detect factors affecting health in terms of lifestyle and disease-causing causes.
(3) Health is social: regular comprehensive health check-ups to understand the influence of environmental, family and social related factors
(4) Health is proactive: Regular comprehensive health checkups to understand your health status, adopt the best way and intensity to improve immunity and disease resistance, and detect health risk factors early.
Types of medical checkups
Physical examination items
① General morphology: mainly check height, weight, chest circumference difference, abdominal circumference hip circumference, etc., and assess general conditions such as nutrition and morphological development against the “Chinese Adult Physical Fitness Measurement Standards
② Internal medicine mainly check blood pressure, cardiopulmonary auscultation, abdominal palpation, nerve reflexes and other items
③ Surgical examination: skin, lymph nodes, spine and limbs, anus, hernia, etc.
④ Ophthalmology Examination of visual acuity, color discrimination, fundus, slit lamp to determine whether there are eye diseases
⑤ Otorhinolaryngology: examining hearing, ear diseases and nasopharyngeal diseases
(6) Stomatology including oral diseases and dental examination
(7) Gynecology Examination for married women, cervical smear, smear of secretion, TCT (ultra-thin cytology brush), etc. as needed;
(8) Radiology: Chest fluoroscopy, X-ray if necessary;
⑨ Laboratory department includes blood, urine and stool routine, blood biochemistry (including liver function, kidney function, blood glucose, lipids, protein, etc.), serum immunity, blood rheology, tumor markers, hormones, trace elements and other tests;
⑩ Auxiliary medicine includes electrocardiogram, ultrasound (liver, bile, pancreas, spleen, kidney, prostate, uterus, adnexa, heart, thyroid, carotid artery), TCD (transcranial Doppler ultrasound to determine the blood flow of cerebral vessels), bone density and other examinations.
Classification of physical examination
Health checkups are mainly divided into entry physical exams, personal physical exams, team physical exams, and military physical exams; in addition, there are wedding exams, and according to the different requirements of each industry, certain industries have different requirements for human health conditions, for example, certain positions are not suitable for people with congenital defects such as color blindness to work, which makes entry physical exams a classification in health checkups. Personal physical examinations are generally on a voluntary basis, and with the improvement of living standards, many people are beginning to care about their health, and these types of physical examinations are called personal physical examinations.
According to the age, it can also be divided into student physical examination, youth physical examination, middle-aged physical examination, elderly physical examination, etc.
Physical examination process
In order to explain exactly how to use the medical examination report management software, let’s first look at the general process of medical examination business. In general, the process of physical examination is divided into the following steps.
1, determine the content of the physical examination: whether it is a group physical examination or individual physical examination, the first step is to determine the content of the physical examination and issue a form or book to the physical examiner, which details the physical examination items of each section.
2, charges: for individual physical examination, according to the content of the physical examination, accounting for the amount of fees paid; for group physical examination, in general, not in the fee window site settlement, by the medical examination center business people to negotiate the amount of payment, the process and other procedures.
3.Section by section examination: medical examiners will go to each medical examination section to check item by item according to the contents in the medical examination form, and the medical examiner will fill in the examination results into the medical examination form. After the physical examination of a department is completed, fill in the summary of the departmental physical examination;
4.General examination: After all the physical examination sections are carried out, the physical examination form is handed over to the general examiner, who will make a comprehensive evaluation of the entire physical examination results and give the corresponding health care recommendations.
5.Output report: For individual physical examination, the physical examination report (the content can be complicated or simple, depending on the needs of the user) will be sent to the individual. For group physical examination, not only to issue individual physical examination reports, but also to summarize the results of the unit’s physical examination and write a small summary of the unit’s physical examination.
Medical examination report
1, physical examination registration batch import, physical examination process barcode scanning, section summary, general examination doctor summary recommendations automatically generated, reduce manual operation, improve efficiency
2, group units support eight levels, to meet the statistical analysis of large groups of units by department, to enhance customer loyalty to the medical examination center
3, neat and standardized report format, content in a variety of forms, to enhance the overall image of the medical examination center
4, rich, detailed health care recommendations, professional health assessment, health management, reflecting the professional and dedicated medical examination center
5, follow-up management, health assessment, health intervention, health education, membership management and other high-end post-inspection service features professional, comprehensive, so that customers feel the physical examination services, intimate all the way
6, SMS, voice, LCD screen display automatic guidance, automatic queuing, optimize the environment, enhance customer satisfaction and enhance the image
7, fully automated health check, the fastest 4 hours out of the physical examination report, physical examination report can be burned with light eagle CD, SMS, website, Email send, customers to view the report fast, efficient, convenient, enhance customer satisfaction, improve the quality of physical examination
8, standard, clear medical examination process guidelines, strict permission settings, the management of the medical examination center more standardized
Medical examination report
Medical examination center as a medical examination agency duties, we maintain your health due diligence. At the same time, it is hoped that everyone pays attention to their physical examinations and their results, without forgetting the advice of doctors. Therefore, regular health checkups are an effective means and guarantee to detect relevant factors affecting health, prevent (foresee) diseases, and promote physical and mental health. Don’t let your health check-ups be a mere formality. Further examinations prompted by the physical examination report must not be ignored to avoid delaying the best time for treatment or intervention. If you find slight abnormalities in some data in the physical examination report during the actual physical examination, there is no need to panic. This is because the cause of this condition is likely to be physiological in nature. Of course, taking the report to your primary care physician is the best way to choose.
It is our responsibility to maintain everyone’s health, and your health is in your hands. Please don’t forget your medical checkups, cherish your health, and take your loved ones’ wishes and our reminders to heart.
Health Levels Editor
In 1957 the World Health Organization further expressed about the state of health as a function of the individual’s ability to express his or her behavior appropriately under certain environmental and genetic conditions, and in 1984 further added the grading of health as follows.
The first level of health, i.e., physical health: includes no hunger or cold, no disease or infirmity, and the ability to live and work energetically and meet basic health requirements.
The second level of health, i.e. physical and mental health: includes meeting basic economic requirements and freedom of daily life.
The third level of health, i.e. active health: includes being able to actively pursue a healthy lifestyle, adjusting the mental state to adapt to social and work pressures, and living a lifestyle that contributes to society.
Points to note
Notes for physical examination
1.Please make an appointment to arrange for the physical examination first; avoid alcohol the day before the examination, limit high-fat and high-protein diet, and avoid using drugs that have an impact on liver and kidney function.
2, three – five days before the examination diet should be light, do not eat pig liver, pig blood and other foods containing blood, the day before the examination after 12:00 p.m., please completely fast (including drinking water).
3.When doing X-ray examination, you should wear cotton underwear and not wear clothes or bras with metal buttons; please remove necklaces, cell phones, pens, keys and other metal objects. If you are pregnant or likely to become pregnant, please inform the health care provider in advance and be careful with the X-ray examination.
4.Blood sampling and ultrasound of liver and gallbladder must be performed on an empty stomach; for ultrasound of bladder, prostate, uterus and adnexa, please do not urinate; if you do not urinate, please drink water until your bladder is full.
5. During the physiological period, gynecological examination and urine test are not suitable for women; the bladder should be emptied before gynecological examination; far-infrared review of breast is best chosen within a week after the physiological period. Unmarried women should not do gynecological examination, and those with special needs should sign the relevant agreement (notice) before the corresponding examination.
6.Please take the blood pressure, height and weight before the internal medical examination.
7.On the day of the examination, you can eat only after the blood is drawn and the abdominal ultrasound examination is done.
8.When there is a thermal imaging project, you must empty your stool and urine before the examination, and you must also fast from food and water.
9, the day of the physical examination dress requirements: easy to wear and take off clothing, shoes and socks, preferably without necklaces, lesbians do not bra with steel bra, do not wear metal sequins underwear.
Physical examination five taboos
Health checkup is one of the effective means to prevent diseases. Through health checkups, you can understand your own health status and find some early diseases that are not easy to detect, so as to intervene in time to terminate the development of disease, and receive twice the result with half the effort. However, there are many examinees due to some key aspects of the physical examination is not enough attention, or understanding bias, there are various omissions, so that the purpose of the physical examination is difficult to achieve.
A, avoid taking blood too late physical examination tests require fasting blood 7:30 ~ 8:30 a.m., not later than 9:00 p.m. Too late because of the influence of physiological endocrine hormones in the body, so that the blood glucose value distortion (although still fasting). So the subject should take blood as early as possible, do not easily miss the time.
Second, avoid rashly stopping medication before the physical examination blood collection requirements fasting, but the chronic disease patients taking medication should be treated differently. Such as hypertension patients take antihypertensive drugs early in the morning every day, is necessary to maintain blood pressure stability, rashly stop taking drugs or delayed medication will cause a sudden rise in blood pressure, the risk of occurrence. If the blood pressure is measured after taking the medication as usual, the examining physician can also evaluate the antihypertensive program. The effect of taking a small amount of antihypertensive medication on laboratory tests is minor and negligible. Therefore, patients with hypertension should come back for a physical examination after taking antihypertensive medication. For patients with diabetes or other chronic diseases, they should also take their medication in time after blood collection, not to interfere with routine treatment due to medical examination.
Third, avoid abandoning the examination items set in the physical examination form, both to reflect the health status of the basic items, including some for malignant diseases and common diseases of special examination items. Some examinations have special significance for the early detection of diseases. For example, anal examination is particularly important for the detection of rectal masses in patients over 40 years old. Some examinees are afraid of trouble or shyness, automatically give up the examination, if the examinees really have lesions, naturally also lost the best time for treatment, the consequences speak for themselves.
Fourth, avoid ignoring the important medical history statement of medical history, especially important disease history, is an important reference basis for the medical examiner to determine the current health status of the subject, according to the development of interventions, the regression of disease has an extremely important impact. Some examinees have the mentality of “testing” the level of the examining doctor, believing that disease can only be detected, not by talking about it. I do not know that the result of this is often the opposite of what you want. For example, before guiding the treatment of hypertensive patients, it is necessary to clarify the onset of hypertension, the treatment process, medication and other key issues, in order to target further treatment advice, including increasing or decreasing the dose of medication, adjusting the variety of medication, so as to achieve the best therapeutic effect. If the subject can not remember the name of the drugs taken, you can bring the medicine box to identify. Medical history statement should strive to achieve objectivity, accuracy, important diseases can not be omitted.
Fifth, do not belittle the conclusion of the physical examination physical examination conclusion, is a summary and summary of the health status of the subject, is the doctor according to the results of the physical examination, after a comprehensive analysis of the subject’s health prescription, to correct bad habits, prevention and treatment of disease has an important guiding significance. Some examinees pay more attention to the process of physical examination, but ignore the conclusion of physical examination, not carefully read and carefully implement, so that the health examination lost its meaning.