Hyperthyroidism is a group of clinical syndromes that are characterized by an excess of thyroid hormones in the bloodstream, causing an increase in excitability and metabolism in all systems of the body. It can be caused by excessive production of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland itself, or by lesions in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, or by thyroiditis, which leads to increased levels of destructive thyroid hormones, or by ectopic thyroid hormone production. Generally, there are three main treatments for hyperthyroidism: medication, iodine-131 therapy, and surgery. Medication takes a long time, usually one and a half to two years, and some patients with hyperthyroidism have a chance of relapse after being cured. Iodine-131 has a long history of treatment of hyperthyroidism with fast results, but hypothyroidism is still an unavoidable outcome after treatment. In the case of moderate or severe hyperthyroidism where long-term medication is ineffective and the enlarged thyroid gland is significantly accompanied by pressure symptoms and retrosternal goiter, surgical treatment is an option.