Esophageal cancer is a common gastrointestinal tumor that kills about 300,000 people worldwide each year. Its incidence and mortality rates vary greatly from country to country. China is one of the regions with high incidence of esophageal cancer in the world, with an average of about 150,000 deaths per year. There are more men than women, and the age of onset is mostly above 40 years old. Can esophageal cancer be cured? Esophageal cancer is not equal to death, but can be effectively controlled as long as it can be detected early and effective and reasonable treatment plan is adopted. Can early and mid-stage esophageal cancer patients be cured? For patients diagnosed with early or mid-stage esophageal cancer, early or mid-stage esophageal cancer patients should seize the opportunity to increase nutrition comprehensively, give them soft food or semi-liquid food containing high protein and high vitamins, and try to make use of the absorption function of their gastrointestinal tract to supplement more nutrition so that they can have a better physical condition. Surgery: Surgery is the first choice of treatment for early stage esophageal cancer. Once diagnosed, patients with esophageal cancer should take surgery once their physical condition allows. According to the condition, there are two types of surgery: palliative surgery and radical surgery. Palliative surgery mainly adopts esophageal gastric diversion, esophageal lumen built-in tube, gastrostomy, etc. for patients who cannot be cured at advanced stage or after radiotherapy, in order to solve the difficulty of eating. Radical surgery depends on the site of the lesion and the patient’s specific situation. In principle, most of the esophagus should be removed, and the extent of esophageal resection should be at least 125px from the tumor. The surgical resection rate of lower segment cancer is in 90%, middle segment cancer is in 50%, and the average rate of upper segment cancer is 56.3% to 92.9%. Can mid- to late-stage esophageal cancer be cured? Most of the middle and advanced esophageal cancers have spread and metastasized, so the chance of surgical resection is not great, and even the surgery is only a palliative local resection. Clinically, the treatment methods for mid-to-late stage esophageal cancer mainly include radiotherapy, chemotherapy and Chinese medicine, and the combination of Chinese and Western medicine is the treatment principle. Chinese medicine, such as choke dissipation, and proprietary Chinese medicine, such as Zhenxiang capsule. Chemotherapy is one of the common methods of non-surgical treatment for esophageal cancer, but it has serious shortcomings, such as “enemy is not separated from me” (cancer cells are killed together with normal cells), effective dose and toxic dose are very close to each other (the effect is remarkable when the dose is small, but toxic reactions are easy to occur when the dose is large), and toxic effects, among which impaired digestive function and bone marrow hematopoietic function are the most severe reactions. The most obvious reactions are impaired digestive function and inhibition of bone marrow hematopoietic function, which often make patients with esophageal cancer difficult to receive chemotherapy or unable to complete the whole course of treatment due to severe reactions. Therefore, Chinese medicine treatments such as strengthening spleen and stomach, benefiting Qi and blood, and tonifying liver and kidney should be combined with chemotherapy at the same time and after chemotherapy, which can better alleviate chemotherapy reactions and help chemotherapy to proceed smoothly. How to prevent esophageal cancer? 1. Reasonable nutrition Epidemiological investigation confirms that malnutrition is related to esophageal cancer. Lack of protein will lead to mucosal hyperplasia of esophagus, which will easily become malignant; lack of fat will hinder the absorption of essential fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins, which will affect health and lower immune function. We should eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, the former cannot replace the latter, because cooking often destroys a lot of vitamins and trace elements. To promote the drinking of tea. Green tea can prevent cancer and is beneficial to cardiovascular disease and so on. But do not advocate booze, it is best to “taste”, to a small number of effective drink in the body. When pregnancy, breastfeeding, fever, bleeding and gastrointestinal disease is not or caution when drinking. 2.Reject carcinogenic food Nitrosamines are closely related to esophageal cancer, and mold can enhance the carcinogenic effect of nitrosamines. Overnight vegetables, rotten fruits, moldy food, salted fish and pickles, and fried, fried and baked food should be prohibited. Drinking water should pay attention to the water source, and tap water should be prevented from being contaminated, otherwise it can also cause cancer. Do not smoke. Smoking can cause a wide range of cancers, and the formation of cancer can cause cancers of the digestive, respiratory and urinary tracts. No alcohol abuse. It is inevitable to drink a lot of alcohol for a long time without consuming carcinogens. Some wine contains carcinogens such as nitrosamines and aflatoxins, and indirect carcinogens such as aldehydes and alcohols. 3.Protect the esophagus The esophagus is the organ through which all food is eaten, and food is formed in the esophagus and digested in the stomach in an orderly manner. It is necessary to chew and swallow slowly. Saliva is secreted by three kinds of glands, and after fully mixed with food, it can promote digestion, hydrolyze starch or maltose, etc.; dilute and dissolve food and enhance taste; mucin can lubricate food and facilitate swallowing; neutralize toxic substances and sterilize. Swallowing can damage the esophagus. Do not eat food that is too hot, too hard and irritating. Otherwise the oral, esophageal and gastric mucosa will be damaged. Stimulating foods also include strong tea, strong coffee, strong alcohol, etc. Pay attention to oral hygiene. Any lesion in the oral cavity is not good for digestion, and if there is an infection, it can easily spread to the esophagus. 4.Drug prevention Patients suffering from esophageal cancer often lack trace elements such as iron, molybdenum, zinc, manganese, selenium and vitamins A, B2 and C; aspirin can prevent this disease, so high-risk people can supplement relevant trace elements, vitamins and drugs to prevent it under the guidance of physicians.