The survival time of patients with early stage esophageal cancer needs to be determined according to the treatment. Esophageal cancer is a malignant tumor of esophageal epithelial tissue, which can be divided into early, middle and late stages according to infiltration and metastasis. Early stage tumor is relatively limited and only invades the base of esophagus and has not yet infiltrated into surrounding tissues, and there is no lymphatic or distant metastasis, so the patient’s symptoms are relatively mild, such as slight choking sensation, acid reflux, nausea and vomiting, etc. The effect of timely radical surgery is better, and combined with postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy to prevent recurrence or metastasis, the patient’s survival time can exceed 5 years or even reach 10-20 years. The prognosis of early stage of esophageal cancer is relatively good. After treatment, patients need to strengthen nutrition, exercise appropriately to improve their immunity, and should be reviewed regularly to detect recurrence or metastasis as early as possible, so as to provide timely treatment and prolong patients’ life.