Laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer was first seen in 1990, followed by several large-scale clinical studies conducted internationally in the late 1990s comparing the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer with conventional open surgery. The results confirmed that the number of pathologically detected lymph nodes and the safe margin of resected bowel were similar between laparoscopic and conventional open surgery for colorectal cancer, while laparoscopic surgery was superior in terms of near-term outcomes such as the use of postoperative pain medication, time to resume gas and food intake, and the use of postoperative analgesics. In terms of long-term outcomes, these randomized controlled studies found that overall survival and disease-free survival rates were similar between the laparoscopic and open surgery groups, and for some stages of tumors, laparoscopic surgery had better overall survival rates than traditional open surgery. Since 2000, our department has carried out hand-assisted laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery and laparoscopic-assisted colorectal cancer surgery, and has completed more than 800 cases of laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery so far, and in 2011 alone, our department has completed more than 500 laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgeries. At present, laparoscopic technology is not only routinely used in the surgical treatment of colon cancer in our department, but also widely used in prerectal resection and combined perineal resection for rectal cancer. The clinical application of our department in the past ten years has also confirmed that laparoscopic-assisted colorectal cancer surgery has the same immediate and long-term efficacy as traditional open surgery, and with the increase of clinical experience, the relative contraindications to laparoscopic surgery such as obesity and abdominal adhesions have been broken one after another, and laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer is accepted by more and more patients.