Abscess thorax is the accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity after the infection of the pleural cavity caused by pathogenic bacteria. According to the course and duration of the disease, it is divided into acute (disease period shorter than six weeks) and chronic (disease period longer than six weeks) pustulothorax. Jin Minghua, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Chest Hospital The principles of treatment for acute abscess chest include infection control, pus removal and systemic supportive therapy. 1.Select effective antibiotics according to the bacteriological culture of pus and drug sensitivity test. The time of medication should be more than 2 weeks after the body temperature is normalized to prevent recurrence. 2.Exclusion of pus is an important step in the treatment of abscess chest, and the methods are as follows: (1) Thoracic puncture to extract pus, which is more effective in the early stage of lesion and children with abscess chest. (2) closed drainage of the chest cavity to facilitate more timely and thorough drainage of pus, which is conducive to lung reopening and prevention of chronic abscess chest formation. (3) Thoracic lavage, if the amount of pus is more and thicker in abscess chest, intra-thoracic lavage can be performed through closed drainage of chest cavity, and the lavage solution can be saline, metronidazole, streptokinase, etc. (4) Thoracoscopic treatment can remove pus and fibrous membrane under direct vision, open the septum, fully flush and accurately place the drainage tube. It has better effect on early lesions. 3.Systemic support treatment includes improving nutritional status, appropriately replenishing electrolytes, and giving a small amount of fresh blood if necessary.