Generally general anesthesia and thoracic surgery are major surgeries, but among the major surgeries, they can also be divided into major, medium and minor. Abscess chest includes acute abscess chest and chronic abscess chest. Patients with acute abscess chest need chest drainage, mainly thoracoscopic minimally invasive pleural cavity debridement and fiberboard stripping. This procedure is a minor surgery, while fiberboard stripping is a moderate surgery; while the surgery for chronic abscess chest is larger. The treatment of abscess chest is as follows: 1) thorough drainage to control the infection; 2) dealing with the cause of abscess chest, such as pleural bronchial fistula; if the abscess chest is caused by bronchial fistula, it is difficult to deal with the abscess chest if the fistula is not well treated; 3) there is a residual cavity in the abscess chest, and this cavity cannot be closed. If the infection is not properly controlled, the fistula cannot be controlled either. Therefore, chronic pneumothorax surgery is a larger surgery, and the closure of the residual cavity requires intra-tissue filling, so the surgery is larger.