Surgical removal of the enlarged prostate tissue is the fundamental cure for prostate enlargement. There are several surgical options for prostate enlargement: 1. Bilateral orchiectomy, palliative surgery. Bilateral orchiectomy is a kind of palliative prostate enlargement surgical treatment, because this kind of surgery does not involve the location of the deep in the prostate body, but the removal of the surface of the testicles, the surgery is less traumatic, short time, the patient’s blow is also small, so it is the old and frail, there are important organ comorbidities of the patient can choose a kind of palliative surgery. By removing the testicles, the male hormone in the body nearly disappears, which can improve the patient’s symptoms. 2. Transurethral resection of the prostate, the gold standard. Transurethral resection of the prostate is a surgical treatment for prostate enlargement that has emerged in the last 20 years. This surgery only needs to insert the cystoscope which looks similar to the cystoscope from the urethra, and cut directly to the prostate. The procedure has the advantages of less trauma, shorter operation time, and faster recovery, therefore, not only can some patients who originally needed open surgery be converted to transurethral resection, but also opens up a simple and safe surgical method for many patients who are old, have cardiovascular or diabetic comorbidities, and are not able to undergo open major surgery. Transurethral resection of the prostate is suitable for all causes of bladder neck obstruction, including open surgery after tissue residue still makes the symptoms can not be alleviated, but the choice of surgery must also pay attention to the appropriate conditions: (1) prostate body should not be more than 80 grams, the operation should be completed within one hour. Too large prostate resection through the urethra is not safe, not only is there more bleeding, the gland is too large peritoneum Philip thin peritoneal rupture of the risk of occurring; and the operation time is too long can also be due to excessive absorption of irrigation fluid into the bloodstream to occur, such as the risk of “water intoxication”. (2) Prostatic hyperplasia combined with bladder stones, open surgery should be considered at the same time to remove stones and remove the prostate. (3) Patients suffering from prostatitis combined with severe urethritis, in order to prevent injury due to unclear anatomical boundaries, or sepsis caused by urethral surgery should be considered for open surgery. (4) The diameter of the urethra is too small, it is difficult to insert instruments; there are external sphincter dysfunction; as well as tendon joints have lesions, can not take the lithotomy position for surgery is not suitable for transurethral resection of the prostate. 3, open surgery: suprapubic transcystic prostatectomy, post-pubic prostatectomy, transperineal prostatectomy. The indications for open prostate enlargement surgery are relatively wide, and doctors generally choose to combine hospital conditions, surgical proficiency and experience with three types of surgery: suprapubic transcystic resection of the prostate, retropubic resection of the prostate and transperineal resection of the prostate. Suprapubic transcystectomy has a history of nearly one hundred years, and with continuous improvement, it has become a safe and simple surgical method, and in China, the number of people who take this transverse surgery is the largest. Although most prostatic hyperplasia can be operated by this way, it is more suitable for those who have large gland and protruding into the bladder, those who have bladder pathology or need to explore the bladder, and those who have ankylosis of tendon joints or urethral stenosis and can not be operated by transurethral surgery. Retropubic prostatectomy without incision of the bladder is more difficult to expose either a protruding bladder or a prostate that is too small; therefore, moderately sized prostatic hyperplasia is more suitable for retropubic transurethral resection. Also. This procedure should be preferred in cases of combined inflammation, stones and other lesions to prevent infection from invading the bladder. Transperineal prostatectomy for prostatic hyperplasia is less commonly used and is indicated for intraurethral lateral lobe prostatic hyperplasia, a procedure more commonly used in the treatment of prostate cancer.