What is benign prostatic hyperplasia Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common and frequent disease in middle-aged and elderly men, with a prevalence rate of >50% in men over the age of 60, and 90% in men over the age of 85. BPH can easily lead to obstruction of the lower urinary tract, including difficulty in urination, frequent urination, urinary urgency, and increased nocturia, which ultimately leads to damage to the bladder and kidneys, making it one of the most important diseases affecting the health of middle-aged and elderly men. Damage to the bladder and kidneys, becoming one of the most important diseases affecting the health of middle-aged and elderly men. The most commonly used drugs are alpha-1 receptor blockers and 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, which can be used alone or in combination to reduce the symptoms of obstruction to a certain extent, but the efficacy of treatment is limited. Transurethral resection of the prostate is currently the most commonly used treatment for patients with severe lower urinary tract obstruction due to BPH, as well as those who are not well treated with medications. Most of the procedures need to be performed under general anesthesia, and there is a certain percentage of intraoperative bleeding, postoperative incontinence, sexual dysfunction and other complications. Minor trauma New treatment Selective internal iliac artery embolization has been used in clinical application for more than 30 years, mainly used for various types of pelvic hemorrhage and adjuvant treatment of tumors, but also one of the methods to control prostate bleeding (due to BPH or tumors). Super-selective prostatic artery embolization (PAE) is a minimally invasive means of blocking the blood supply to the prostate by injecting an embolic agent into the artery supplying blood to the prostate, thereby causing partial ischemic necrosis of the prostate tissue and ablation into a lumen, which ultimately leads to the relief of the obstruction below the bladder and the alleviation of symptoms. This technique is a new treatment method for patients who are unable or unwilling to undergo surgical treatment. The minimally invasive interventional approach can be a good treatment for prostate enlargement, and the symptoms of difficult urination and frequent urination can be significantly improved after the treatment. Indications for Minimally Invasive Interventional Surgery The indications for prostatic artery embolization are generally considered to be male patients >40 years of age, with prostate volume >30cm3, diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia and combined with severe lower urinary tract symptoms, with little effect of drug treatment, or with acute urinary tract obstruction symptoms for which drug treatment is ineffective. In addition, it should also include patients who refuse surgical treatment and those who cannot tolerate surgery due to frailty or combination of serious medical diseases. Contraindications 1, patients with malignant tumor of prostate; 2, large bladder diverticulum, large bladder stones, chronic renal failure, excessive tortuosity and sclerosis of the internal iliac artery or prostatic artery confirmed by CTA, active urinary tract infection, coagulation abnormality, dysfunction of forced urethral muscle, neurogenic bladder; 3, iodine allergy, cardiac and hepatic dysfunction, vascular anomalies; 4, patients with arteriovenous fistula of the prostate. Conclusion In conclusion, after prostatic artery embolization, the improvement of patients’ clinical symptoms is not proportional to the reduction of prostate volume. The improvement of symptoms is more rapid, while the reduction of volume is slower. The large number and abundance of collateral anastomoses in the pelvic vasculature greatly reduces the complications of arterial embolization itself, and even if retrograde flow occurs due to high pressure when pushing the embolic material, resulting in ectopic embolization, there are no serious consequences. Minimally invasive intervention has comparable efficacy and fewer complications than TURP surgery, and is a minimally invasive means, with less bleeding and less chance of infection, and is a local anesthesia procedure, which is less dangerous, with a shorter hospital stay, and can even result in discharge on the same day. In terms of sexual function, ideal results will also be obtained. Therefore, the safety of arterial embolization for prostate treatment is more reliable, and it is a new method with less trauma, good efficacy, safety and fewer complications.