The etiology of sinusitis is complex and can be due to congenital anatomical variation or due to organismal metaplasia or bacterial infection. Among the many factors, medication can only be beneficial for sinusitis caused by allergic reactions and bacterial infections, while sinusitis caused by anatomical variants can only be solved by surgery. In addition, once sinusitis caused by allergic reactions forms nasal polyps or severe mucosal edema, it is difficult to cure by medication alone, and then a combination of medication and surgery should be performed. In addition, for most children with sinusitis, conservative treatment such as medication is the mainstay, and surgery cannot be ruled out if necessary; the choice between medication and surgery depends on the nature and severity of the patient’s lesions, as well as the patient’s response to treatment.