Nutritional iron deficiency anemia is the most common disease in infants and children from 6 months to 2 years of age. The iron stored in the infant’s body can only meet the needs of growth and development within 4 months, and babies between 4 and 6 months of age, with rapid weight and height growth, have a high demand for iron and are therefore prone to iron deficiency anemia. Some studies have shown that long-term anemia in infancy and early childhood will affect their lifelong intellectual development, so it is important to prevent anemia in infancy and early childhood before it starts and actively prevent it. Most of the symptoms and signs of mild anemia are not obvious, but when there are obvious symptoms, most of them are already moderate anemia, mainly manifested as pale upper lip, oral mucosa and nails; mild enlargement of liver and spleen lymph nodes; loss of appetite, irritability, inattention and mental retardation; increased heart rate and enlarged heart when there is obvious anemia, often combined with infection, etc. In laboratory tests, the red blood cells in the blood become smaller, the hematocrit decreases, and the serum ferritin decreases. Specific preventive measures: 1, insist on breastfeeding, breast milk contains the same amount of iron as cow’s milk, but its absorption rate is high, up to 50%, while cow’s milk is only 10%, breastfed babies with iron deficiency anemia are less than those who are artificially fed. 2.Add iron-rich supplementary food (such as egg yolk, fish puree, liver puree, minced meat, animal blood, etc.) in time. 3, timely addition of green vegetables, fruits and other foods rich in vitamin C to promote the absorption of iron. 4.Select supplemental foods that are fortified with iron. 5.Check the hematocrit regularly, once at 6 months of age or 9 months of age, and once every 6 months thereafter. To detect anemia in time. The fetus gets the most iron from the mother in the second trimester of pregnancy, and the total amount of iron in the newly born child is proportional to the weight, so the total amount of iron in the premature, twin and low birth weight child is less, plus the premature child has a growth catch-up period after birth and must take in more iron to meet its growth and development needs, the premature child can be given iron supplements (2mg of elemental iron per kg of body weight per day) from 2 months of life. iron) supplementation from 2 months of life.