Serum triglycerides are one of the components of blood esters. Triglycerides are in dynamic balance in the human body. The level of triglycerides can change with dietary changes and the range of variation is wide. In addition, their levels increase with age and tend to be higher especially in middle-aged and elderly people who are overweight. How can elevated serum TG levels be diagnosed? Triglycerides in the body are mainly synthesized in the liver and adipose tissue, but can also be absorbed and synthesized from food via the mucosa of the small intestine. Serum triglycerides are mainly found in very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and celiac microsomes (CM). Hypertriglyceridemia is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Clinical testing of serum triglyceride concentrations is used for hyperlipidemia, pancreatitis, liver and kidney disease, atherosclerosis, and nutritional evaluation. It is usually detected during routine lipid screening. Severe HTG can cause pancreatitis, rash of xanthomas and lipemic retinitis. In some cases, very high CM can cause celiac disease presenting with recurrent abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and pancreatitis, in which case the TG level is greater than 2000 mg/dl. Rash yellows, which are yellow papules 1 to 3 mm in diameter elevated above the skin surface, can be seen on any part of the body, but are common on the back, chest and proximal extremities. The most important thing is the lipid test, if the test result of blood TG level is more than 150mg/dl, it should be reviewed again after 12 to 16 hours of fasting to day a clear diagnosis. In type IIb dyslipidemia, total cholesterol, LDL and TG levels are elevated. In type IV dyslipidemia, total cholesterol and LDL levels are normal, while TG levels are elevated, often between 500 and 1000 mg/dl. Patients should also be evaluated for thyroid and renal function such as thyroxine, serum urea nitrogen, creatinine and urinary routine. Blood amylase and lipase levels should also be checked. Fasting insulin level check helps to find out whether the patient has insulin resistance or not. Clinical testing of serum triglyceride concentration is mainly used for hyperlipidemia, pancreatitis, liver and kidney disease, atherosclerosis and nutritional evaluation.