Patients often ask why they need antiviral treatment for hepatitis B. Others say, can we always leave it in an immune tolerant state and not use treatment? First of all, we say that chronic hepatitis B is a slowly progressive disease that gradually worsens as the infection lengthens and ages, progressing to cirrhosis and even liver cancer. This is due to the long-term replication of the hepatitis B virus in the liver cells, resulting in inflammation and necrosis of the liver cells. Timely antiviral treatment is to stop the disease from progressing to cirrhosis and liver cancer by inhibiting virus replication and reducing inflammatory damage to the liver. This is the purpose of letting patients live well and live long. So, is it not clear whether a patient with slow hepatitis B needs viral therapy or not? As for always leaving it in an immune tolerant state, it is certainly good that it does not develop and certainly does not need treatment. However, the development of the disease is not at the will of the people, their own development rules determine that the immune tolerance period is only a stage of hepatitis B virus infection, the onset is inevitable. There is a large individual difference in when the disease develops. The purpose of regular review is to detect the disease in time. The only way to get healthy is to treat the disease. Only active treatment can win health. Currently, antiviral treatment is the most effective method for chronic hepatitis B. There are two types of antiviral treatment that are recognized by the medical community: one is interferon, which is a biological agent, injectable, 1 shot every other day (1 shot a week for long-acting); the other is nucleoside analogs, chemical drugs, which are eaten, 1 tablet a day. As for what circumstances to give antiviral treatment, there are strict conditions, the doctor needs to grasp, the conditions do not have the drug effect is not good. Never treat blindly! Both drugs have a definite antiviral effect. But both have side effects and adverse reactions. Whenever it comes to this, patients often have concerns and are reluctant to receive antiviral treatment. In fact, any drug may have side effects and adverse reactions, and doctors need to judge the stage of disease development and confirm that there are indications for treatment before applying it. This explains why patients are regularly reviewed for liver function, viral DNA, ultrasound and, if necessary, liver puncture for pathology. Through these materials, doctors can more accurately grasp the best time for treatment, strive to obtain maximum efficacy (maximum suppression of hepatitis B virus) at minimal cost (adverse reactions), and mitigate or stop the deterioration of the disease brought about by the hepatitis B virus with cirrhosis ascites, jaundice, digestive bleeding, and Liver cancer and other life-threatening complications. Treatment of chronic hepatitis B is a long-term process, with oral medications generally taking 2-3 years, or longer if cirrhosis is present. The patient’s cooperation is required. It is important to come to the hospital for regular review while on antiviral therapy so that drug resistance can be detected and dealt with in a timely manner! This is very important.