Atherosclerosis refers to atherosclerosis, a hardening of the arteries characterized by the formation of atheromas or fibrous plaques in the lining of blood vessels, and is the most common of the diseases of the cardiovascular system. Atherosclerosis is a class of arterial diseases characterized by thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the arterial wall. Atherosclerosis is the most common type of atherosclerotic disease, characterized by the formation of atheroma or fibrous plaques in the endothelium of blood vessels, which mainly involves the large and medium-sized arteries, including the aorta, coronary arteries, carotid arteries, cerebral arteries, renal arteries, arteries of the limbs and mesenteric arteries. Common secondary lesions of atherosclerosis include plaque hemorrhage, plaque rupture, thrombosis, calcification, aneurysm formation, and narrowing of the vascular lumen, which causes arterial lumen obstruction, cholesterol embolism, or ischemic lesions of the corresponding organs and other consequences, such as coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, atherosclerotic solidified kidneys, as well as cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral atrophy, cerebral infarction and so on. First of all, atherosclerosis should be actively prevented in daily life through reasonable diet, appropriate exercise, quitting smoking and limiting alcohol. If a patient has been diagnosed with atherosclerosis, he or she should actively seek medical treatment and cooperate with doctors in order to prevent the development of the disease and strive for reversal.