Fava bean disease in newborns is an inherited disease that can lead to the development of hemolytic anemia and hyperbilirubinemia in affected children. Fava bean disease is a deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in red blood cells, and may be triggered when the child eats fava beans or fava bean products, or when the mother breastfeeds after consuming fava beans. Patients may develop hyperbilirubinemia, as well as hemolysis and anemia. If neonatal hyperbilirubinemia occurs in a child with neonatal fava bean disease, it is recommended that the child seek medical attention promptly and follow the doctor’s instructions to give blue light phototherapy to reduce the yellow color and alkalize the blood to prevent hemoglobin from being deposited in the renal tubules, and if the symptoms are severe, blood transfusion or even blood exchange may be required. Newborn children with serotonin disease, it is recommended to go to the regular hospital in time, to clarify the cause of the disease, symptomatic take relevant therapeutic measures. Babies after birth can pay attention to observe the skin and urine color, if the skin indistinct or soy sauce-colored urine, it is recommended to immediately go to the hospital for medical treatment.