Cancer that occurs in the cardia is called cardia cancer, and cardia cancer is a special type of stomach cancer. The special location of cardia makes the symptoms of cardia cancer and some other esophageal and gastric diseases similar, which makes diagnosis more difficult. 1, Cardia cancer and cardia spasm: cardia spasm is cardia dystonia, whose clinical characteristics are mostly occurring in young people with long history of disease and accompanied by symptoms of dysphagia, etc. Symmetrical smooth funnel-shaped stenosis can be seen above cardia and its proximal esophagus is highly dilated in X-ray esophagography, which can be differentiated by gastroscopic biopsy. Chronic inflammation of lower esophagus: it is one of the diseases that cardia cancer is often confused with and should be distinguished. Chronic inflammation of lower esophagus is often accompanied by hiatal hernia and gastric reflux, etc. The patients’ physique is mostly short and fat, and the differential diagnosis of pancreatic cancer is that there is a history of long term heartburn and acid reflux, and the inflammation is infiltrated for a long time, and the repeated attacks can cause scar, and the stenosis can lead to difficulty in swallowing. X-ray barium meal shows that the mucous membrane of lower esophageal pancreatic stenosis is incomplete, and the esophagoscopy can see inflammation granulation and scar, which can’t be easily identified by pancreatic cancer under naked-eye observation, but repeated pathologic biopsy can be used to identify pancreatic cancer, and it is not easy to be identified by gastroscopy. However, repeated pathological biopsy can distinguish it. Differential diagnosis of pancreatic peptic ulcer: pancreatic peptic ulcer often manifests as epigastric discomfort, mild feeling of fullness after eating, dyspepsia or vague pain in the fossa of the heart, which is easy to be confused with pancreatic cancer, and bleeding of pancreatic cancer is easy to be mixed up with bleeding of peptic ulcer, which can be differentiated from pancreatic cancer with the use of biopsy of gastroscope in clinics. This is one of the differential diagnosis of cardia cancer. Differential diagnosis between hysteria and cardia cancer: hysteria is mostly seen in young women, who have ball-like foreign body sensation in the pharynx, and the differential diagnosis of cardia cancer is that it disappears when eating, which is often triggered by mental factors, and there is no organic esophageal pathology, so it is not difficult to differentiate it from cardia cancer. Benign tumor of esophagus: It is mainly rare smooth muscle tumor with long course and intermittent difficulty in swallowing; X-ray barium meal examination can show that there is round, ovoid or lobular filling defect in esophagus, with neat edge and normal surrounding mucous membrane pattern. This is one of the differential diagnosis of cardia cancer.