Long-term poor blood sugar control is prone to various chronic complications, the common ones are as follows: 1, cardiovascular disease: Diabetic patients are often combined with hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol, high triglycerides and other lipid metabolism disorders), hypertension and hypercoagulability, so it is easy to produce atherosclerosis, so that the cardiovascular wall thickens and the lumen narrows, often causing blood circulation disorders, leading to the occurrence of cardiovascular disease. 2, cerebral thrombosis: diabetes mellitus, due to the increase of blood sugar, can make the blood become viscous, platelet aggregation increases, blood flow is slow, very easy to occur cerebral thrombosis; at the same time, various metabolic disorders occur in the body, causing hyperlipidemia, hypertension, aggravate atherosclerosis, several factors synergistic effect with each other, and eventually cerebral thrombosis. 3, gastrointestinal dysfunction: related to diabetic autonomic neuropathy, mainly manifested as intestinal dysfunction, alternating diarrhea and constipation, ineffective with antibiotics. 4, cataract: Due to the high concentration of glucose in the blood and intraocular atrial water of diabetic patients, glucose is transformed into sorbitol substances in metabolism and accumulates in the lens, causing swelling of the lens fibers, which then breaks and disintegrates, and eventually becomes completely cloudy, causing patients to lose vision and even go blind. 5, diabetic nephropathy: diabetic nephropathy is a diabetic-induced lesion of the microvasculature in the kidney, which is a common complication of diabetes. In the early stage of diabetic nephropathy, patients often do not have any symptoms of nephropathy, once there is a positive urine protein qualitative test, indicating that the patient has persistent proteinuria, the glomerulosclerosis in the kidney, basement membrane thickening, at this time the diabetic nephropathy has entered the middle and late stage, if not timely and effective treatment, three to five years later will develop into renal failure. 6, sexual dysfunction: because diabetic patients are prone to atherosclerosis, narrowing the lumen of the penile arteries, reducing the amount of blood supply and causing erectile dysfunction or erection is difficult to last, forming erectile dysfunction; or because of metabolic disorders, causing low nerve function and sex hormone reduction, which reduces sexual excitability, causing sexual dysfunction. 7, osteoporosis: related to the abnormal metabolism of bone. The synthesis and secretion function of osteoblasts are severely impaired in diabetic patients, while the function of osteoclasts is only mildly inhibited, and bone resorption far exceeds bone formation, resulting in a large loss of osteoclasts. Severe osteoporosis causes a significant loss of bone resistance to external impact, and the severe deformation that can be caused by mild external forces, which is the pathological basis for the development of severe bone lesions in diabetic patients. 8, neurogenic bladder: sustained hyperglycemia in diabetic patients can damage the sensory afferent fibers of the pelvic nerve and the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves that innervate the bladder forceps and internal sphincter, resulting in bladder sensory deficit and decreased forceps tone, manifesting as reduced urinary urge, increased bladder capacity, reduced frequency of urination, and prolonged interrogation time. In the late stage, due to paralysis of the bladder forcing muscle and internal sphincter, patients will have the typical symptoms of neurogenic bladder – urinary retention and overflow incontinence. 9, infection: diabetic patients with metabolic disorders, weakened resistance, reduced defense and phagocytosis of white blood cells, high blood sugar and conducive to the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria, so the skin mucosa on the surface of the body and the tissues and organs connected to the outside world, prone to infection. For example, folliculitis, boils and fungal infections on the skin, periodontitis and alveolar abscesses in the mouth, pneumonia and tuberculosis in the lungs, as well as urinary tract infections and vaginitis.