Bilateral renal cysts usually refer to benign cysts that appear in both kidneys, and it is relatively rare for patients to have cysts occurring bilaterally at the same time. The cause of bilateral renal cysts is still unknown, but it is considered to be caused by multiple factors leading to blockage of renal units, which is triggered by the gradual increase of renal tubular diverticula with age. Usually simple double kidney cysts are relatively small, have less impact on kidney function, rarely have the possibility of malignant transformation, most patients have no symptoms and will not affect the normal life of patients, so they are usually only found during health checkups or physical examinations. At present, no treatment is needed for asymptomatic and uncomplicated patients, as long as regular medical checkups and imaging examinations are performed to follow up the condition. However, if the cysts in both kidneys are large and compress the renal parenchyma, ureter and blood vessels, symptoms such as back pain and lumbago may occur, and if combined with infection or bleeding, fever and purulent urine symptoms may occur, and renal hypertension may also be caused. Therefore, for huge renal cysts with cyst diameter >5cm or more, laparoscopic renal cyst windowing can be considered for treatment to reduce the volume of cysts, alleviate complications caused by renal cysts, relieve symptoms and reduce recurrence rate through surgery. In addition, pay attention to adjusting regular and healthy work and rest, eating habits in daily life, controlling protein intake, exercising appropriately and maintaining a good state of mind to enhance physical fitness.