Currently, cardiovascular diseases based on atherosclerosis have become the number one killer threatening human health. According to statistics, the first cause of death of urban and rural residents in China is also cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis thrombosis has a high mortality and disability rate (“hair easy to die”, “not dead or disabled”, “disability unbearable”), and the important cause of atherosclerosis One of the important causes of atherosclerosis is abnormal lipid metabolism. According to the latest information, the incidence of dyslipidemia in China is 18.6%, and there are about 160 million patients nationwide, and the situation may be more serious in big cities such as Beijing and economically developed areas. Moreover, with the continuous improvement of living standard and the relative lag of health education, the incidence rate will continue to rise. Because people do not know enough about the danger of dyslipidemia and do not pay enough attention to it, coupled with the fact that there are few clinical symptoms and certain adverse reactions to treatment drugs, the compliance of treatment is poor, and some medical personnel have deviations in grasping the standard, resulting in low awareness rate, treatment rate and standard rate of this disease. If dyslipidemia is not effectively controlled, the related diseases caused by it will bring serious consequences and heavy burden to patients, families and society. Therefore, active lipid regulation to prevent atherosclerotic diseases is a major issue nowadays. In view of this, China officially published the “Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Dyslipidemia in Chinese Adults” in 2007, which is a guideline and implementation plan in line with the national situation based on the “Recommendations for the Prevention and Treatment of Dyslipidemia” in 1997, the data from domestic epidemiological studies in the past ten years or so, and the research progress and experience from abroad. We should study and understand the guidelines, follow the spirit and requirements of the Guidelines, and regulate lipids scientifically (actively, cautiously, correctly and reasonably) to effectively prevent and treat atherosclerotic diseases (heart, brain and peripheral blood vessels). Lipids are the general term for lipid substances in blood, including triglycerides, cholesterol, and lipids (such as phospholipids) and free fatty acids. However, cholesterol and triglycerides are the main clinically relevant ones. Table 1 Composition and content of blood lipids Name Plasma content (fasting) mg/dl (mean) Main source at fasting Total lipids 400-700(500) Triglycerides 10-150(100) Liver Total cholesterol 100-250(200) Liver Cholesteryl esters 70-200(145) Liver Free cholesterol 40-70(55) Liver Total phospholipids 150-250(200) Liver Liver lecithin 50-200(100) Liver neurophospholipids 50-130(170) Liver brain phospholipids 50-35(20) Liver free fatty acids 5-20(15) Adipose tissue Cholesterol in the body exists as cholesteryl esters (on 2/3) and free cholesterol (nearly 1/3), and triglycerides are formed when the three hydroxyl groups in the glycerol molecule are esterified by fatty acids. In the physiological state, triglycerides are involved in the energy metabolism of the body, while cholesterol is mainly used for the synthesis of steroid hormones, cell membranes and bile acids, and therefore both have important physiological functions. Since both cholesteryl esters and triglycerides are hydrophobic, they must be combined with a specific class of proteins in the blood circulation to be transported. These proteins are called apolipoproteins, and when combined, they form lipoproteins. Plasma lipoproteins can be classified by ultracentrifugation into: celiac (CM), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL). There is also a lipoprotein(a), which has a lipid composition similar to LDL, and an apolipoprotein with one molecule of apo(a) in addition to one molecule of acid apo B100.