The ear is mainly composed of skin and cartilage, and is a body organ with a complex three-dimensional structure. Currently, the most commonly used materials for ear scaffolds are autologous ear cartilage and high-density porous polyethylene, both of which have yielded good results, but what are the advantages and disadvantages of each of these materials? High-density porous polyethylene is a molded auricular scaffold, which is an artificial material. Its advantage is that it can reduce the patient’s pain of taking rib cartilage, but because it is a foreign material, despite its good biocompatibility, the rate of exposure will increase over time due to the thin skin tissue covered, and it cannot be pressurized for life. After long clinical practice worldwide, it has now been proven that autologous rib cartilage is the material of choice among olecranon scaffold materials.