Clinical diagnosis and confirmed diagnosis are not the same thing; confirmed diagnosis is more accurate. Clinical diagnosis refers to the diagnosis given by the doctor based on the evidence-based medical point of view by combining the patient’s past medical history, existing clinical symptoms, imaging and relevant tests. It cannot characterize the disease. A confirmed diagnosis is often a diagnosis made through pathology, which can characterize the disease. For example, an elderly patient, who used to smoke for many years, has clinical manifestations of hemoptysis, cough, and wheezing, and chest CT suggests the possibility of lung cancer. This elderly person is unable to perform invasive examinations such as bronchoscopy to further clarify the nature of the pathology, then we can clinically diagnose this disease as lung cancer. However, if we want to confirm the diagnosis of this disease, we need to obtain the pathology, and the pathologic type is lung cancer to confirm the diagnosis of lung cancer. For example, a young man with pleural effusion, chronic fever, night sweats, emaciation, thoracentesis, pleural fluid suggestive of exudate, obvious elevation of ADA in pleural fluid, positive T-SPOT, strong positive PPD, we can clinically diagnose tuberculosis, but to confirm the diagnosis, we need to perform thoracoscopy and other related tests to obtain pathology, to know whether it is caseous granulomatous inflammation, whether it is positive for tuberculosis DNA and so on, in order to confirm the diagnosis. Confirmation of the diagnosis is more accurate and specific than clinical diagnosis, but it often requires invasive tests, and patients can consult their physicians for advice on whether the current treatment of the disease requires further confirmation of the diagnosis on the basis of clinical diagnosis.