Inevitably, there are various accidents in life. Baby safety is a matter of great concern to every parent, and many parents blame themselves for not knowing first aid when their babies are hurt in accidents, so that the injury worsens, in fact, it is necessary for families with babies to master some common first aid methods. Here’s a look at some of the first aid measures for babies in emergencies. 1, choking and choking azaleas 35-year-old son, the family was overjoyed. In order to have enough milk for the baby, my mother-in-law bought all kinds of supplements for Zi Zuoren to eat. As she wished, Zizou’s milk was so abundant that it would sometimes spray outward on its own. However, for some reason the baby always choked when eating milk, and several times the baby choked and turned purple, and Zi Zuoren was frightened and did not know what to do, and every time she breastfeeds she is on edge. Expert comment: infants and young children because of their special physiological structure often spit up milk, spit out the milk with the whistle into the whistle, that is, choking occurs. Because the infant nervous system is not well developed, some reflexes are still weak, can not be choked into the inhalation tract of milk clucking out, which leads to mechanical obstruction of the airway and serious inhalation difficulties hypoxia, known as choking asphyxia. Choking and asphyxiation can occur in infants with blue face, twitching, irregular whistling, spitting out milk or foam, blood, black water, etc. The infant’s brain cells are very sensitive to oxygen, so if resuscitation is not timely, it is easy to cause sudden infant death. Family first aid measures: (1) position drainage if the baby vomited full stomach suffocation, should be lying baby face to the side or side, so as not to spit milk into the throat and trachea; if the baby choked at the beginning of milk swallowing too quickly choking suffocation (stomach void), should be lying prone on the legs of the rescuer, the upper body leaned forward 45-60 degrees, to facilitate the tracheal milk backward empty drainage out. (2) Stimulate crying and coughing by patting the child’s back or pinching to stimulate the sole of the foot, so that it feels pain and cries or coughs, which is conducive to coughing out the milk in the trachea and relieving whistling. (3) If the mother has an automatic breast pump, turn it on immediately and use only its hose, insert it into the baby’s oral pharynx and suck out the overflowing milk and vomit; without a suction device, the mother can use her fingers wrapped in gauze to reach into the baby’s mouth up to the pharynx and suck out the overflowing milk to avoid the baby inhaling the spitted milk into the trachea again when inhaling. 2. Bleeding from trauma Weiwei is 3 years old and has a cute tiger head. Two days ago, he fell from a 1-meter-high bed while taking a nap at home, landing head first and then bleeding. The mother used a towel to cover Weiwei’s head wound and sent him to the hospital for treatment. Fortunately, Weiwei only had a bleeding scalp injury and no intracranial problems. After the wound was cleared and sutured, it healed after a week. Expert comment: In daily life, babies are likely to cut their skin because of sharp toys or bleed due to accidental collisions. Traumatic bleeding is the most common among accidental injuries to babies. As the degree of bleeding varies, the treatment is different. Minor injuries that do not bleed much can sometimes be treated at home. Serious traumatic bleeding, if not treated in time to stop bleeding, may be life-threatening and must be sent to the hospital as soon as possible. First aid measures at home: 1. If the bleeding is not much, it is usually a vein or small artery bleeding. (1) immediately press the wound with clean gauze and elevate the affected area as much as possible in order to quickly stop bleeding; (2) after stopping bleeding, rinse the wound with saline or water to remove contaminants, gently apply peroxide around the wound with a cotton swab and rinse again to clean and sterilize; (3) cover the wound with a small gauze soaked with saline and then wrap it with a large gauze. 2.If the bleeding volume is large and the blood flows like an injection, it mostly indicates that it is bleeding from arterial injury, and the effective first aid method is to use the acupressure hemostasis method and the tourniquet hemostasis method. 3, family first aid process to pay attention to not directly use the mouth to stop bleeding, which can easily lead to bacterial infection; do not use your hands to squeeze the wound in an attempt to stop bleeding, which will cause damage to the skin. Try not to use band-aids for a long time to stop bleeding, it is easy to stick to the skin. 3, burns, burns Zihan two years and eight months is the family’s famous naughty king, but these days he is quiet, the original a few days ago accidentally burned his little hand. This day, his mother brought a pot of soup to the table and turned around to get a bowl. Zihan was so impatient to serve the soup that he accidentally poured the pot of soup all over his hand. At once, Zihan then wailed ……. Expert comment: burns, burns are more common accidents in babies, especially under 3 years old, just walking babies are at high risk. This is because children are mobile, but the movement is not yet coordinated, avoidance response and slow, parents in the care of a little negligence, it is easy to occur burns accident. And children’s skin is thin and tender, the degree of burns is much more serious than adults, light scarring, serious may be life-threatening. Family first aid measures: (1) for small area of mild burns or scalding, immediately rinse or soak the scalded area with clean cold water for 10-20 minutes to relieve the pain of the skin; (2) dry the skin, apply some burn ointment to the affected area, and then use sterile gauze to wrap it, replace it in time to clean it, and never break it when a blister has formed. (3) area of larger burns, should be sent to the hospital as soon as possible for treatment. (4) When encountering various chemical burns, injuries to the eyes, esophagus, etc., in the scene to flush with a large amount of water in a timely manner, and must not wait to go to the hospital and then deal with. 4, accidental ingestion of foreign objects Jia Lin is 1 year old and 2 months old, and is very active. Yesterday, Jia Lin was playing at home and found a Go piece when he was crawling around. Jia Lin was curious, so he played with it in his hands and put it in his mouth to bite. When Grandma saw this, she was so scared that she was about to faint. Mom hurriedly patted her back and poured the air, but it didn’t help. Finally, the mother had to carry Jia Lin to the children’s hospital for treatment. Expert comment: As babies grow up day by day, they are always curious about many new things and want to put their hands in their mouths to “taste” whatever they grab. This is their way of understanding the world, but it can also become a life-threatening trigger. Because when laughing, shouting, crying, these foreign objects can accidentally fall into the baby’s trachea, leading to tracheal blockage and even suffocation, if not rescued in time, may be life-threatening. Family first aid measures: (1) First of all, check what was swallowed. If the baby unfortunately swallowed a sharp or sharp hooked foreign body, it is necessary to go to the hospital immediately. For swallowing chess pieces, coins, paper clips, buttons or small parts of toys, if there is no choking, coughing, difficulty in breathing, blue lips, choking and other symptoms of oxygen deprivation, no need to force the baby to spit out the foreign body swallowed by mistake. It is possible that the foreign body may enter the trachea by mistake and choking may occur. (2) If the foreign body is blocking the esophagus or the inspiratory tract, there is difficulty in breathing, lips turn blue, that is, according to the following steps first aid: kneel behind the baby, hands press the baby’s abdomen. Make a fist with one hand and point the big finger between the rib cage and the belly button. Hold the fist with the other hand and press upward quickly on the baby’s abdomen. After each press, see how the baby reacts and repeat about five times until the foreign body is spit out or the baby whistles normally. (3) If the baby is unable to whistle on his or her own, mouth-to-mouth manual suction should be given. At the same time, every second should be taken to the hospital as soon as possible for treatment. 5, febrile convulsions One-and-a-half-year-old Wailing, always healthy, has never had a hangnail. Two days ago, the weather suddenly changed and Wailing caught a cold. Mom fed Wailing some cold medicine, but at night Wailing suddenly started a high fever, with a temperature as high as 39.5 degrees, and two eyes straightened and squinted, lips purple, the whole body twitching, about 2 to 3 minutes to recover, and then cried more than, as if very sleepy, could not open his eyes. The mother was overwhelmed with fear and rushed Wailing to the hospital, where the doctor diagnosed him with febrile convulsions. Expert comment: Fever-induced convulsions are a common emergency for babies under 3 years old. The baby often has a fever first, followed by convulsions, which occur mostly within 12 hours after the start of the fever, when the body temperature rises suddenly with a brief generalized convulsive episode accompanied by loss of consciousness. The severity of the convulsions is not proportional to the body temperature, the convulsions last a few seconds to a few minutes, more than 10 minutes, and after the attack, the consciousness is clear. Because the baby’s brain is not well developed and has poor inhibition, even weak stimuli can cause strong excitation and diffusion in the brain, resulting in abnormal discharge of nerve cells and convulsions. If a baby suddenly has a convulsion at home, mommy must not panic, nor pat, shake or loudly whistle the baby, and do not use the clothes wrapped tightly around the baby to run to the hospital, which is easy to make the baby whistling poorly, suffocation or death on the way to the hospital. Family first aid measures: (1) put the baby on the bed, table or sofa, tilt the head to the side to avoid the mucus in the mouth inhaled trachea; (2) then untie the collar to avoid too tight to affect the whistling; (3) wrapped in a cloth with bamboo chopsticks placed between the upper and lower teeth to prevent biting the tongue. (4) Use your finger to press the Renzhong point (the midpoint of the nasolabial groove) (5) If there is high fever, put a cold wet towel on the forehead of the child, or use 30% alcohol to rub the armpit, back, head and neck, and inner thigh root 2 to 3 times. After the above treatment, when the baby’s convulsions stop, whistling smoothly, face improved, quickly sent to the hospital for further treatment.