1, the diet is based on the principle of light, less greasy, spicy and stimulating food; cooking method to steam, boil, stew, etc., less frying and other ways. 2, using the principle of high quality low protein diet. High-quality protein food refers to lean meat, chicken, fish, eggs, milk, etc. The intake of such food should preferably account for more than half of the total daily protein intake; low protein means that patients with renal insufficiency should strictly control the total protein intake, which can generally be calculated by 0.6-0.8g protein/kg body weight/day, and the specific amount can be calculated for you by a specialist physician or dietitian. 3.When there is no combined diabetes, you should ensure adequate supply of calories on the basis of protein control, and you can try to use wheat starch food on behalf of rice as the daily staple food (because the protein content of wheat starch food is very much less than that of rice, so it can ensure energy supply without increasing protein intake). Finished products of this type of food include: horsetail cake, silver needle powder, vermicelli, lotus root powder, etc. 4. If you have combined diabetes, you should control the total calories while controlling the protein, and you can try to use wheat starch foods to represent rice as the daily staple food. However, foods with high glycemic index need to be limited, such as white sugar, honey, sugar water, sugary drinks, etc. The allowable rice portion can be replaced with an equal amount of mixed rice (buckwheat, coix seeds, Huai Shan, rice, red rice, black rice, etc.), but such mixed grains are rich in potassium and phosphorus, and patients with high blood potassium or phosphorus need to eat according to the approved portion by a specialist or dietitian. 5, be careful with soybeans, forbidden to eat other beans and soy products, such as black beans, red beans, green beans, soy milk, soy milk, dried beans, rotten skin, etc.. 6, do not drink old fire soup, including gravy, chicken soup, bone broth, fish soup, etc. 7, combined with hyperuricemia patients need to control the intake of purine, can not eat animal offal, thick soup, seafood, beer and other high purine food, need to limit the meat, cooking should be boiled meat with boiling water and then de-watered to eat. 8.Foods with high potassium content should depend on the results of serum electrolyte examination, but because kidney failure patients have less blood potassium excretion than normal people, so high potassium food should be eaten as little as possible, such as bananas, oranges, fungus, nori, and shamrocks, etc. 9, when the serum phosphorus level is high, when appropriate to limit the intake of phosphorus-rich food, such as milk, egg yolk, offal, beans, mushrooms, tea, fungus, oats, etc.. 10, appropriate consumption of fruit to supplement vitamins, but should be prohibited from eating poppy peaches, careful to eat some hot and humid fruits such as mango, pineapple, lychee, longan, etc., not more than 200g per day, should not be eaten immediately after meals, should be eaten 2 hours after meals. 11, sodium intake: patients with edema, hypertension and oliguria should limit salt, should be less than 3 grams per day. And consume less or do not consume foods with high sodium content such as pickled vegetables, curd, skinny eggs, soy sauce, MSG, etc. (because the main component of salt is sodium chloride and all these foods contain sodium). 12. Patients with edema should also strictly control water intake. The total daily water intake can be agreed with the specialist or dietitian, and consume less porridge, milk, soup, fruits and other foods with high water content.