Due to the difference in antigens between the transplanted kidney donor and the kidney transplant recipient, it is the basis for the occurrence of rejection after kidney transplantation, and the occurrence of rejection directly affects the survival of the transplanted kidney. In humans, the main ones related to transplantation are red blood cell ABO blood group antigen system and human leukocyte antigen A system (HLA for short). In order to avoid or reduce the possibility of rejection after kidney transplantation, achieve successful kidney transplantation and long-term survival of the transplanted kidney, a variety of matching tests including blood grouping, lymphocytotoxicity test, human leukocyte antigen A (HLA) system and group reactive antibody (PRA) test must be performed before kidney transplantation. Kidney transplantation first requires that the blood type between the donor and the recipient conform to the principles of transfusion: type O accepts type O, type B accepts type B or O, type A accepts type A or O, and type AB can accept type AB or A or B or O. Kidney transplantation requires a negative lymphocytotoxicity test of the recipient’s serum and donor lymphocytes, i.e., the cell killing rate of the lymphocytotoxicity test should be less than 10% as negative, 10%-15% as weakly positive, and greater than 15% as positive. Kidney transplantation requires as many HLA loci as possible to be identical if possible. PRA-positive individuals should be identified with targeted antibodies, and loci with antibodies should be avoided as much as possible when performing HLA matching.