Go to the hospital, do a bunch of tests, and then come back to see what can not understand, see the value is not normal in the heart of worry, is there any problem, and then eat badly, sleep badly, worry about this worry about that …… Today, we will popularize the data of those medical tests we often do, high, low, negative, positive are what The most important thing to do is to make sure that you have a good idea of what you are doing. I, blood routine 1, white blood cells ↓ low: indicates that the body resistance is poor, easy to catch a cold, skin surface infection disease. ↑ High: It means the body may have inflammation, such as tonsillitis, pneumonia, appendicitis, etc. If the white blood cell is too high, it may be related to blood diseases and should be further examined by the hematology department of the hospital. 2, red blood cells ↓ low: may be anemic, typically manifested as shortness of breath upstairs, waxy face. ↑ High: It will make the blood viscosity increase and cause poor blood flow. 3, platelets ↓ low: platelets are reduced or there will be symptoms or diseases such as aplastic anemia, radioactive damage, acute leukemia, upper respiratory tract infection. ↑ High: Platelet increase or myeloproliferative disease. 4.Total cholesterol ↓ Low: or may have hyperthyroidism; serious liver disease; anemia, malnutrition, etc. ↑ High: It may cause atherosclerosis leading to cardiovascular diseases; various hyperlipidemia, cholestatic jaundice, hypothyroidism, lipoid nephropathy, diabetes, etc.; long-term smoking, alcohol consumption, mental tension. 5.LDL cholesterol ↓ low: no β-lipoproteinemia, hyperthyroidism, malabsorption, liver cirrhosis, etc. ↑ High: LDL cholesterol can enter the arterial wall cells, and high LDL cholesterol level can cause atherosclerosis, making individuals at risk of coronary heart disease; hereditary hyperlipoproteinemia, hypothyroidism, nephrotic syndrome, obesity, etc. 6.HDL cholesterol ↓ low: common in atherosclerosis, acute infection, diabetes, nephrotic syndrome, application of androgens, etc. ↑ High: Limit the development of atherosclerosis and play an anti-atherosclerotic role. 7, triglycerides ↓ low: low beta-lipoproteinemia or no low beta-lipoproteinemia; severe liver disease, malabsorption, hyperthyroidism, hypoadrenocorticism, etc. ↑ High: coronary heart disease; primary hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, obesity, diabetes mellitus, gout, hypoparathyroidism, nephrotic syndrome, etc. Renal function 1. Blood uric acid ↓ Low: Pernicious anemia, Fanconi syndrome, etc. ↑ High: Damage to glomerular filtration function; abnormal increase in uric acid production in the body, primary gout, various blood diseases, malignant tumors, chronic lead poisoning, long-term fasting, etc. 2, blood creatinine ↓ low: the elderly, wasting people blood creatinine will be low, once the rise, be alert to the possibility of renal hypofunction. ↑ High: seen in various causes of hypoglomerular filtration function. 3.Urea nitrogen ↓ low: mainly seen in patients with renal dysfunction and severe liver disease. ↑ High: (1) renal insufficiency, acute glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, renal failure, and its urea elevation is proportional to the condition. (2) Pre-renal factors such as edema, dehydration, circulatory insufficiency, cardiac insufficiency, shock, etc. (3) Post-renal factors such as urinary tract stones, prostate tumor or hypertrophy and other causes of low urine; urinary retention. (4) Vigorous protein decomposition in the body, such as upper gastrointestinal bleeding, hyperthyroidism, etc. (5) Physiological increase is seen in high protein diet. Liver function 1, alanine aminotransferase ↓ low: – ↑ high: mostly seen in hepatobiliary diseases such as viral hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, active cirrhosis, toxic hepatitis, fatty liver, gallstones, cholangitis, cholecystitis; cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction, myocarditis, liver stasis in cardiac insufficiency, cerebral hemorrhage; skeletal muscle diseases such as polymyositis, myotonic dystrophy, etc. 2.Glutamic oxalacetic transaminase ↓ low: – ↑ high: acute hepatitis, drug-induced hepatic necrosis, liver cancer, cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis, myocarditis, pleurisy, nephritis and pneumonia; progressive myotonic dystrophy, dermatomyositis, umbilical pressure muscle injury can also be elevated. 3.Alkaline phosphatase ↓ low: severe chronic nephritis, childhood thyroid insufficiency, anemia, etc. ↑ high: bone diseases such as rickets, chondromalacia, bone malignant tumors, malignant tumor bone metastases; hepatobiliary diseases such as extrahepatic biliary obstruction, liver cancer, cirrhosis, capillary biliary hepatitis, etc.; public number pulse health only do the latest and most professional health care knowledge. Other diseases such as hyperparathyroidism. 4, urine routine 1, urine protein negative: normal positive: or caused by mental stress, strenuous exercise, pregnancy, etc., in addition to acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, etc. will also show positive urine protein. 2, urine leukocytes Negative: normal Positive: genitourinary system inflammation, cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis; pyelitis, pyelonephritis, renal tuberculosis; gonorrhea and genitourinary system tumors. 3, urine sugar Negative: normal Positive: diabetes mellitus, renal diabetes, intracranial hypertension, hyperthyroidism, anterior pituitary hyperfunction and pheochromocytoma, etc. 4, urinary ketone body Negative: normal Positive: (1) Physiological: excessive hunger, after childbirth, eating a lot of fat. (2) Pathological: diabetic acidosis, pregnancy, etc. V. Tumor marker test 1.AFP AFP is the most sensitive and specific tumor marker for primary liver cancer, and will also be elevated during pregnancy in women. 2.Cancer embryonic antigen CEA Gastrointestinal tumors, pancreatic malignancies, lung cancer, etc. In addition, colitis, pancreatitis, liver q disease, emphysema, etc. will also exist. 3.CA15-3 has elevated index in breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer and gastrointestinal cancer, which can be the best index to monitor the recurrence of breast cancer patients after surgery. If you don’t know, please search the public number pulse answer doctor online consultation, in other breast diseases and some pregnant women are also elevated. 4.CA19-9 is higher in pancreatic cancer patients. After surgical removal of the tumor, the concentration of CA19-9 will decrease, and if it rises again, it can indicate recurrence. The positive rate of colorectal cancer, gallbladder cancer, bile duct cancer, liver cancer and gastric cancer will also be high. If CEA and AFP are detected at the same time, the positive detection rate can be further improved. 5.CA125 is a marker for epithelial ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer. Pancreatic cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer and endometritis, acute pancreatitis, peritonitis, hepatitis, cirrhotic ascites can also elevate CA-125, and elevated CA-125 is also associated with tumor recurrence. 6.PSA is a specific marker of prostate cancer. HBsAg, HBeAg, HBcAb positive, i.e. “major triple yang”, mostly seen in acute or chronic hepatitis B, with rapid viral replication and infectious. 2, HBsAg, HBeAb, HBcAb positive that is “small three positive”, mostly seen in acute hepatitis B tend to recover, asymptomatic HBV (hepatitis B virus) carriers, the virus replication is relatively slow, relatively small infectious. 3, HBsAg, HBcAb positive is seen in asymptomatic HBV (hepatitis B virus) carriers, acute HBV infection. 4, HBsAb, HBeAb, HBcAb positive indicates recovery from infection and has acquired immunity. 5, HBeAb, HBcAb positive indicates a history of previous infection, recovery from acute HBV infection. 6, HBsAb positive indicates that the patient has received passive or active immunity and is immune to HBV (hepatitis B virus). 7, HBcAb positive indicates acute HBV (hepatitis B virus) infection in the core window (not yet developed but can be transmitted).