“Eating is a basic need for survival, but eating or swallowing problems can occur during the growth and development of children due to various factors, and how to recognize and solve these problems is a concern for parents. Eating and swallowing disorders can be understood as abnormalities in the emotional, cognitive, sensory and/or motor behavior and anatomy of the process of transferring substances from the mouth to the stomach, resulting in disorders of the above processes, including both eating and swallowing disorders. Normal human ingestion and swallowing are divided into the following processes: 1. Pre-oral period, people perceive food through vision and smell, and deliver food to the mouth with utensils, cups or fingers. 2, oral preparation period refers to the process of food intake into the mouth to the completion of chewing, a stage of preparation for swallowing. 3.The oral period refers to the short process of sending the food mass formed by chewing into the pharynx. 4.Pharyngeal stage The stage when the food mass is moved from the pharynx to the esophagus through reflex movements. 5. Esophageal phase The food mass enters the esophagus through the cricopharyngeal muscle and is transported to the stomach by esophageal peristalsis. Which of these stages is the problem in children with difficulty in eating? This can only be determined with the help of examination and evaluation by our specialists. Most eating disorders in children with developmental disorders occur in the preoral and oral preparatory phases, while ingestion and swallowing disorders due to intracranial disorders are often more pronounced in the oral and pharyngeal phases. For children with eating difficulties, parents should take good care of them from the following aspects: (a) Body position and posture It is important to develop good eating habits off. It is best to eat regularly and quantitatively, sit up instead of lying down, and eat at the dining table instead of at the bedside. For patients who cannot sit, generally take the trunk semi-sitting position, head forward bending. (B) Food properties and viscosity According to the properties of food, food is generally divided into three categories, namely, fluid such as water, juice, etc.; semi-fluid such as rice soup, soup, etc., paste such as rice paste, sesame paste, etc.; semi-solid such as soft rice, solid such as cookies, nuts, etc.. The nature of food should be selected according to the degree and stage of swallowing disorder, based on the principle of easy first and then difficult. Foods that are easy to swallow are characterized by uniform density, appropriate viscosity, not easily loosened, easily deformed when passing through the pharynx and esophagus and rarely remaining on the mucosa. (C) the location of the food mass in the mouth When eating, the food should be placed in the mouth where the food can be felt most, and it is most suitable to promote the maintenance and transport of food in the mouth. It is best to put the food on the back of the tongue or the lateral cheek, which is conducive to the swallowing of food. (iv) Reminding during eating Reminding during eating to promote swallowing and help patients reduce the risk of aspiration. (v) Eating environment It is very important for patients with dysphagia to eat in a quiet environment to avoid distraction.