Most children with mental retardation cannot return to normal, but through active treatment, their functional level can be improved and they can return to society. Children with mild and some moderate mental retardation may be able to return to normal after early and active rehabilitation and treatment, for example, children with hypothyroidism can gradually recover after timely administration of targeted medication. However, severe mental retardation, such as chromosomal abnormalities, Down’s syndrome and other genetic metabolic diseases, is incurable. For children with mental retardation, the cause of the disease should be identified, symptomatic treatment, including professional rehabilitation training and education, such as homework training, sensory integration therapy, music therapy, language training, body massage and so on. Professional and systematic treatment and rehabilitation interventions can help the child to recover partially or completely his/her intelligence and ability to take care of himself/herself. Children with mental retardation should be detected and treated as early as possible, and education and rehabilitation training should be the main means to improve their social adaptability, so as to avoid delaying their condition.