There are several types of intra- and extrahepatic bile duct dilatation to consider: the most common are inflammation, stone obstruction, tumor, and congenital dilatation of the biliary tract. If the patient is considered to be caused by inflammation, the main treatment is anti-inflammatory therapy to relieve the relative inflammatory stenosis of the lower biliary tract. If it is caused by intra- and extra-hepatic bile duct stones, most of these patients have stones at the lower end of the bile duct causing obstruction and causing dilatation of the intra- and extra-hepatic bile ducts, which requires surgery to relieve the obstruction at the lower end of the bile duct, and the stones can be removed by ERCP or surgery or PTC, and if necessary, hepatectomy. Some patients have hepatic bile duct tumors, which require radical tumor surgery. Another group of patients is considered to have congenital bile duct dilatation, which is the most difficult to manage and most often requires liver transplantation. This type of patient is somewhat complex and is not solely subordinate to extrahepatic bile duct dilatation, so it is not the same as an extrahepatic bile duct resection to solve the problem.