Cholera (cholera), a virulent intestinal infection caused by Vibrio cholerae, has a rapid onset and spreads quickly, and is an important cause of diarrhea in most parts of Asia and Africa, and is an international quarantine infection. The symptoms are thirst, deep sunken eyes, hoarseness, sunken abdomen in the shape of a boat, skin wrinkling, fingerprint crinkling, severe cases of gastrocnemius and rectus abdominis muscle spasm, decreased blood pressure, little or no urine, confusion. Differential diagnosis of fingerprint crinkling: 1. Differentiation from bacterial diarrhea: Bacterial diarrhea is generally caused by non-O-I group Vibrio and enterotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (ETEC). The former diarrhea in most patients with severe abdominal pain and fever, 1/4 of patients with bloody stools. Diarrhea caused by E. coli generally has a shorter duration of illness. The distinction between the two and cholera depends on the pathogenetic examination. 2, cholera should be distinguished from various bacterial food poisoning: such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus deformans, Bacillus cereus and parahaemolytic such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus deformans, Bacillus cereus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus caused by a variety of food poisoning, the onset of acute, often collective onset of the same food, often vomiting before diarrhea, paroxysmal abdominal pain before defecation, stool is often yellow watery, occasionally with pus and blood. 3.If some of the stools are washed water-like or dysentery-like, it should be distinguished from bacterial dysentery: the latter is accompanied by abdominal pain and shortness of breath, and the stool volume is small and pus and blood-like. 4, and acute arsenic poisoning: acute arsenic poisoning with acute gastroenteritis as the main manifestation, the stool is yellow or gray watery, often with blood, serious cases of urine volume reduction, and even urinary closure and circulatory failure. Checking the arsenic content of stool or vomit can clarify the diagnosis.