Checking the kidney should be registered with nephrology. As common diseases in nephrology are: i. Urinary tract infections, including cystitis, pyelonephritis. Second, glomerular diseases, such as acute glomerulonephritis, chronic glomerulonephritis. Third, nephrotic syndrome, including primary nephrotic syndrome and secondary nephrotic syndrome. Fourth, renal failure, including acute renal failure, chronic renal failure. Acute renal failure mostly appears short-term oliguria, anuria, and progressive increase of creatinine; chronic renal failure for the history of chronic disease, the duration of the disease more than 3 months, combined with hypertension and abnormal urinalysis. When creatinine rises progressively and reaches the stage of uremia, renal replacement therapy, hemodialysis in the dialysis unit, or kidney transplantation in urology, is required.