Thrombocytosis is rare after chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia and may be caused by bone marrow restoration of hematopoiesis, infection, systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis and other diseases. 1. After the end of myelosuppressive period after chemotherapy, transient thrombocytosis may occur due to the recovery of hematopoietic reconstruction of bone marrow, which can be monitored regularly. 2. Infection: after chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia, it may be caused by malignant transformation of white blood cells leading to the loss of resistance function of white blood cells, which may lead to infection after the use of chemotherapeutic drugs, resulting in thrombocytosis. 3. Systemic lupus erythematosus: when systemic lupus erythematosus appears, accompanied by acute myeloid leukemia, after chemotherapy will lead to the invasion of multiple systems in the body to appear abnormal, and leukemia combined with the situation caused by thrombocytosis. 4. Dermatomyositis: after chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia, autoimmune diseases will cause damage to the function of tissues and organs, thus causing thrombocytosis. If platelets increase frequently after chemotherapy, it is necessary to consult a doctor for examination and treatment under the guidance of a physician. Avoid going to crowded places, eat a light and nutritious diet, and pay attention to keeping warm.