Osteoarthritis is a chronic joint disease that is characterized by cartilage lesions in the joints, followed by the involvement of other internal and external structures such as subchondral bone, synovium, meniscus, and ligaments, resulting in various degrees of pathological changes. Clinically, the disease is characterized by pain, swelling, and functional impairment of the affected joints, including limitation of movement, difficulty in walking with weight, and advanced hypertrophy and deformation. The course of the disease is characterized by recurrent attacks and chronic prolongation, with a poor prognosis and a high rate of joint failure. The disease is also known as geriatric osteoarthritis because it usually occurs in the elderly. The treatment of geriatric osteoarthritis is currently based on the principle of stepwise comprehensive treatment. Stepped treatment refers to medication, intra-articular intervention, minimally invasive arthroscopic treatment and total knee replacement surgery. Integrated treatment refers to the principle of integrating various adjuvant therapies with one treatment as the mainstay in each phase of treatment. For example, conservative treatment generally focuses on anti-inflammatory and analgesic treatment, while supplementing with rest and braking, physical therapy, psychotherapy, and lifestyle adjustment; and arthroscopic treatment focuses on arthroscopic cleanup, while emphasizing other adjuvant treatments such as perioperative medications and more emphasis on post-surgical rehabilitation. When one step of treatment is ineffective, the treatment should be decisively taken to the next “step”. Of course, the ladder is not set in stone and can sometimes be interspersed flexibly. Early treatment of age-related osteoarthritis is emphasized, but in cases where the extent of age-related osteoarthritis and the expected outcome cannot be determined, an arthroscopic diagnosis can be performed to rule out causes that may exacerbate the disease during conservative treatment, such as free bodies, unstable meniscal tears, bone spurs that cause impingement, and synovial folds that are easily embedded in the joint space. In the past, there were many defects in the methods of diagnosis and treatment of joint diseases, such as: X-ray photos, knee arthrography, ultrasound and other examinations were not accurate enough, and sometimes even misdiagnosed; traditional surgical methods, the results were also unsatisfactory: long surgical incisions, increased joint trauma, long hospitalization required for rehabilitation, and more sequelae. The advantages of arthroscopic technology are: diagnosis and treatment in one, through direct observation under arthroscopy and surgical operation, improve the accuracy of diagnosis, avoid misdiagnosis, less surgical sequelae, less trauma, light postoperative inflammatory process, short hospital stay and low cost. Many surgeries can only be completed with the help of arthroscopy, such as knee joint instability due to cruciate ligament injury, weakness, and inability to walk normally, such as conventional open surgery will increase joint trauma, postoperative intra-articular adhesions, stiffness, and unsatisfactory results. Now we use arthroscopic treatment and receive very satisfactory results.