Chronic rejection occurs after kidney transplantation and refers to rejection reactions that occur after 60 days of kidney transplantation. The clinical manifestations of chronic rejection are very similar to chronic renal failure, which is the gradual loss of function of the transplanted kidney, with elevated blood pressure, proteinuria and elevated creatinine due to water and sodium retention. Chronic rejection is currently untreatable with any medication, and progressive chronic rejection results in the loss of more than half of the transplanted kidneys within 1 year. Rejection is usually an unavoidable effect of the entry of allogeneic tissue into the immune system. Immunosuppressive drugs can be used to minimize or eliminate rejection and increase the survival rate of the graft.