A congenital preauricular fistula is not serious and does not require surgery if the patient has not had an episode, but once an episode has occurred it is best to have it removed completely. Preauricular fistula is a common disorder of the ear, which is a congenital disorder of the ear caused by embryonic hypoplasia or incomplete fusion of the 1st and 2nd gill arches, often occurring as a small hole at the foot of the ear wheel or at the ear screen. When there are no symptoms the patient does not have any complaints, but local infection or local water ingress and repeated squeezing can lead to redness, swelling and pain of the skin at the ear screen, and the patient may experience fever, ear pain, facial pain and other related symptoms, and purulent secretions may be seen to ooze out when squeezed. If an abscess does not form, the patient can wipe it with alcohol or iodine volts. Once an abscess is formed, it needs to be cut and drained to remove the pus completely before surgery is performed. The fistula and the blind end of the fistula need to be completely removed during surgery because the preauricular fistula has many branches like the roots of a tree and can be completely cured only after these branches are completely removed.