I. Early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer?
1.Very difficult.
2.75% are found to be in the middle and late stages
3. 20% surgical resection rate.
4.5-year survival rate 5-10%.
5.CA199＞2000u/ml→ basically unresectable.
2. What are the causes of pancreatic cancer?
1.Understood.
2.Related to the consumption of large amount of high protein diet.
3.Related to the consumption of fried food
4.Smoking and alcohol consumption may increase the incidence.
5.Related to diabetes.
6.Related to chronic pancreatitis.
What is the location of pancreatic cancer?
1. The head of the pancreas is the most common.
2. followed by the tail of the body.
What is the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer?
1.CA199: one of the most important markers.
2.90% have K-ras gene mutation.
3.B-ultrasound: the preferred method of examination.
4.ERCP: strive to obtain pathological specimens.
5.CT, MRI: to the extent of tumor invasion, relationship with surrounding vessels.
6.Selective visceral arteriogram: to determine resectability
V. What are the manifestations of pancreatic cancer?
1.Most of the symptoms are not obvious at the beginning.
2. symptoms are easily confused with gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary symptoms
3. abdominal pain, abdominal distension, jaundice, loss of appetite
4. abdominal mass and back pain.
What are the main physical signs of pancreatic cancer?
1. enlargement of liver and gallbladder.
2.abdominal mass.
3. ascites.
What is the differential diagnosis of pancreatic cancer?
1.Hepatitis.
2, pancreatitis.
3, gallstone disease.
4. Stomach cancer and ulcer disease.
What is the surgical treatment of pancreatic cancer?
1.Pancreatic head and duodenum resection.
2, resection scope: lower part of common bile duct, gallbladder, head of pancreas, pyloric region of stomach, duodenum, upper part of jejunum, surrounding lymph nodes.
3. Reconstruction of the digestive tract: pancreatic-intestinal anastomosis, biliary-intestinal anastomosis, and gastrointestinal anastomosis.
9.Complications of pancreatic cancer?
1. pancreatic fistula (5-7 days after surgery).
2.Intra-abdominal hemorrhage.
3, bleeding from stress ulcers in the gastrointestinal tract.
4, infection.
5.Biliary fistula and intestinal leakage.
X. Pain relief treatment for pancreatic cancer?
1.Radiotherapy.
2.Abdominal plexus resection
3.Chemical visceral nerve removal.