People at high risk for lung cancer
1. smokers: smoking index greater than 30 years pack (or 600 years sticks, the average number of packs or sticks per day multiplied by the cumulative number of years of smoking, for example: 1 pack of cigarettes per day, has smoked 20 years, smoking index is 20 years pack or 400 years sticks, the vast majority of a pack of cigarettes is 20 sticks); about 20 times higher than non-smokers; Li Jindong, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan Cancer Hospital
2. previous smokers with less than 15 years of smoking cessation
3. secondhand smoke exposed; not an independent risk factor.
4. occupationally exposed persons; mainly includes 8 substances directly related to lung cancer: arsenic, chromium, asbestos, nickel, cadmium, beryllium, silicon and tailpipe gas; 1.59 times higher than those without the above occupational exposures (conclusion of the US population study)
5. residual radon gas exposure; interior decoration materials contain more of this substance.
6. previous history of other cancers; 3.5 times more likely than normal to have had previous small cell lung cancer and then switch to non-small cell lung cancer; 13 times more likely than normal to have received chest radiotherapy; 9.4 times more likely to have received alkylating agent chemotherapy; 4.2 times more likely to have had lymphoma and received alkylating agent chemotherapy, and 5.9 times more likely to have received more than 5 grams of radiotherapy
7. family history of lung cancer; 1.8 times higher; especially if there were multiple family members with cancer or if there were members of the family who had cancer at a very young age
8. history of lung disease; mainly slow-onset lung and pulmonary fibrosis.
9. those receiving hormone therapy.
US NCCN recommended high-risk groups who need to be screened for lung cancer.
1. smokers aged 55-74 years with a smoking index of more than 600 annual cigarettes or former smokers who have quit smoking for less than 15 years
2. those over 50 years of age with a smoking index of more than 400 annual cigarettes.
However, the NCCN does not recommend how often to do spiral CT to screen for lung cancer, and I personally think once a year is appropriate. It is more scientific to deal with abnormal nodules according to the 123 principle.