Chinese Vice Minister of Health Huang Jiefu said in Guangzhou on March 21 that China has made significant achievements since the launch of the pilot project on human organ donation in March 2011, and that after the implementation of relevant policies and institutional support, it is expected to completely replace the previous reliance on death row inmates to provide organ sources, and that China’s human organ transplantation will eliminate the reliance on organ donation from death row inmates within one to two years. According to Huang Jiefu, in May 2007, the “Regulations on Human Organ Transplantation in China” came into effect, marking the path towards the rule of law and standardization of organ transplantation in China, and the supervision of organ transplantation in China has made significant progress. However, many deep-rooted problems such as confusion over organ sources, organ scarcity and illegal organ trading have yet to be resolved. As Chinese society progresses, the number of death sentences decreases each year, and the judiciary is now using the death penalty “sparingly and cautiously”. Without the establishment of a citizen organ donation system, transplantation will become “water without a source”. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a system of organ donation and transplantation that is in line with social ethics and China’s national conditions. Huang Jiefu revealed that China’s Ministry of Health and the Red Cross launched the Human Organ Donation Pilot Program (DCD) on March 2, 2010. As of September 30, 2012, 38 pilot units had completed 465 cases of human donations and 1,279 donated organs. Among them, Guangdong is the best province doing well in the DCD pilot, with more than 100 cases. Huang Jiefu said the DCD pilot is a very cautious work, only in one tenth of China’s hospitals and regions that have the conditions “early and pilot”. When the relevant policies and institutional support are in place, it is expected to completely replace the previous reliance on death row inmates as a source of organs. Within one to two years, China will eliminate its reliance on organ donations from death row inmates for human organ transplants. According to Huang Jiefu, the DCD pilot experience shows that the clinical efficacy of “heart-dead” organ donation is far superior to that of death row organs, and is the same as “brain-dead” donation in Western countries. The current Chinese donation pilot combines the international concept of brain death with the traditional concept of heart death, and combines the Chinese context to effectively promote the donation of organs from both brain and heart death (DBCD). Professor Delmonico, President of the World Society for Organ Transplantation, sees this move as an innovation by China to the world of transplantation. In July 2005, at a high-level meeting on world organ transplant management hosted by the World Health Organization (WHO) in Manila, Philippines, Huang Jiefu, 66, a renowned Chinese hepatobiliary surgeon and chairman of the Chinese Human Organ Transplant Technology Clinical Application Committee (OTC), publicly admitted for the first time to the international community that China was using organs from death row inmates as the main source of transplants. At the WHO-sponsored World Summit on Organ Transplant Management in Manila, Huang Jiefu publicly admitted for the first time to the international community the fact that China uses organs from death row inmates as the main source of transplants and stated the Chinese government’s position to strengthen transplant regulation. China’s human organ transplantation started in the 1960s, and now about 10,000 people receive organ transplants each year, making China the second largest human organ transplantation country in the world.