To date, more than 20,000 lung transplants have been performed worldwide, making this a very mature treatment. Not only does it prolong the life of the patient, but it also greatly improves the quality of life. Overall, the success rate of the surgery can reach more than 90%, the 3- and 5-year survival rates can reach more than 70% and 60%, and most patients can return to normal work after surgery. With the update of anti-rejection drugs, long-term survival after lung transplantation is increasing. Thus, lung transplantation has become a safe and effective treatment for benign end-stage lung disease. Post-transplant complications including infection and rejection have been well prevented and treated with effective drugs. However, strict postoperative follow-up and close patient cooperation are very important to reduce these complications and improve outcomes.