Breast disease is a common and frequent disease among women. In daily life, women should pay attention to their somatic reactions, such as abdominal pain during menstruation, menstrual blood clots, breast swelling or tingling during menstruation, breast lumps, breast swelling, changes in breast skin as well as nipples, etc. for timely diagnosis and treatment. Lobular hyperplasia is a common and frequent disease in women, followed by breast fibroids, mastitis, breast degeneration and breast cancer. Especially breast cancer, the incidence of which has been increasing at a rate of 3% per year in recent years and has a high mortality rate. In the last decade of the last century, the mortality rate of breast cancer in Chinese cities increased by 38.4%, making it the fastest growing cancer in urban areas. Early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment are the keys to reduce the mortality rate of breast cancer. Among the many diagnostic methods for breast diseases, mammography is one of the widely used methods with reliable conclusions. With the popularization of mammography and breast cancer screening, more and more women have been detected early breast cancer through mammography. Therefore, regular screening of women, especially for asymptomatic women and those at high risk of breast cancer, will greatly help to detect breast cancer at an early stage and help to improve the 5-year survival rate and reduce the mortality rate of breast cancer. Modern mammography began in the 1960s. Since mammography is a soft ray, it can better show the soft tissues and abnormal density changes in the breast, and help determine the nature of the lesion by showing the size, number, location, density, boundary, morphology, the presence of calcification and the shape, size and distribution of calcification. It has an important role in the diagnosis of breast diseases such as breast hyperplasia, breast adenoma, breast cyst and breast cancer, and its correct rate of diagnosing benign and malignant tumors of the breast is over 90%. Some studies have shown that mammography can detect cancers less than 5 mm in diameter and can detect breast cancer at least one year earlier than in clinical practice. As the preferred imaging method for breast examination, it is simple, convenient and inexpensive, and has been widely used clinically. It is of great value for early detection and qualitative diagnosis of breast lumps, and is of great significance in guiding clinical treatment and determining prognosis. In addition, in combination with clinical signs, mammography can be performed for people with nipple overflow, and for patients without characteristic X-ray manifestations, combined examination with ultrasound and CT can improve the accuracy of diagnosing occult lesions. Therefore, it is important to attach great importance to mammography and diagnosis for early and accurate diagnosis of breast lesions.