The prognosis of heart valve disease varies from person to person and survival cannot be accurately predicted. Early rheumatic valve disease is largely unaffected by aggressive treatment. In contrast, chronic severe mitral valve insufficiency has a 5-year survival rate of only 80% and a 10-year survival rate of 60% with medical treatment. The prognosis varies by age, valve, degree of lesion, and timing of interventions, making it more difficult to accurately determine life expectancy. Early valvular lesions, with aggressive intervention, have little impact on life expectancy. Rheumatic mitral stenosis is asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis, and if treatment is not actively given, the 10-year survival rate is usually greater than 80% after diagnosis, and only 15% if moderate to severe symptoms are combined at the time of diagnosis. Aortic stenosis can be asymptomatic for many years, and once symptoms appear, the disease deteriorates rapidly, with a 2-year survival rate of 20-50% and an average life expectancy of about 3 years after the onset of syncope. Early diagnosis and early intervention in heart valve disease are important for prognosis. Therefore, patients with suspected heart valve disease should actively seek medical attention.