The causes of female pattern baldness are not yet fully understood, but it is thought that it may be related to genetic factors, autoimmune factors, mental trauma, excessive stress and environmental factors that may trigger the disease. 1. Genetic factors: Some patients with pattern baldness may have a certain genetic background, and it is a polygenic genetic disease, and there is no significant difference in the incidence between men and women, and there are usually patients with pattern baldness in their close family members. 2. Autoimmune factors: Autoimmune factors may also cause pattern baldness. Research has found that lymphocytes and histiocytes infiltrate the lower part of the hair follicles of patients with baldness, and in some cases, anti-self tissue antibodies are found, and patients with baldness may be combined with some immune diseases, such as hyperthyroidism, vitiligo, and dry syndrome. In addition, excessive mental stress, environmental pollution, and allergies can induce baldness. The main clinical symptom of alopecia areata is patchy hair loss without inflammation or scarring, and early patients can regrow hair. For treatment, glucocorticoids are generally chosen to slow down hair loss and minoxidil to promote hair regrowth, while comorbidities should be actively treated. Mild cases of alopecia areata can heal naturally, while the recurrence rate is high and patients need to be alert.