After delivery, the combined active + passive immunization measures are more than 95% effective in interrupting the transmission of hepatitis B from mother to child. Hepatitis B mothers should be retested for liver function at 1 and 3 months after delivery, which can promptly detect the presence of postpartum hepatitis activity. Anti-HBs and HBsAg should be monitored as late as possible (9 to 18 months of age) after completion of the HBV vaccination series, not before 9 months of age, and avoiding testing for anti-HBs in infancy after HBIG injection.Infants who are HBsAg-negative and have an anti-HBs level of ≥10 mIU/mL are indicated to be protected and do not require further vaccination. For HBsAg-negative infants with anti-HBs levels <10 mIU/mL, they should receive 3 additional doses of HBV vaccine and be retested 1 to 2 months after the last vaccination. Infants who are HBsAg-positive should receive appropriate follow-up and treatment.