(a) Smoking cessation 1. Smoking cessation counseling: This includes self-education (reading, audiovisual, and related promotional materials) and individual and group counseling. The most effective method, however, is one-on-one counseling between health care workers and smokers, or group counseling consisting of multiple health care workers. Generally speaking, the more counseling sessions, the longer the time, the higher the success rate, generally 4-7 times the most effective. 2, drug cessation: Currently, the main use of nicotine replacement or smoking cessation drug therapy. The routes of administration include transoral (gum type), transdermal (paste) and transnasal (aerosol). A combination of pharmacotherapy and behavioral counseling is recommended. (b) Weight control 1. Persuade overweight and obese people to reduce their body weight by adopting a healthy lifestyle and increasing physical activity to reduce the risk of stroke. 2. Target body mass index (BMI) at 18.5C24.0 kg/m2. waist circumference <90cm for men and <80cm for women. BMI calculation method: weight(kg)/height2(m2). (C) Rational diet Advocate eating more vegetables and fruits, and eating cereals, milk, beans and meat in appropriate amounts to achieve a balance between energy intake and consumption. Limit the intake of red meat and reduce saturated fat.