Interventional therapy is an emerging treatment method between surgical and medical treatment, including intravascular interventions and non-vascular interventions. After more than 30 years of development, it is now known as one of the three pillar disciplines along with surgery and internal medicine. In simple terms, interventional therapy is the least invasive treatment method that involves making tiny channels of a few millimeters in diameter in blood vessels and skin, or treating the lesion locally under the guidance of imaging equipment (angiography, fluoroscopy, CT, ultrasound) without opening the lesion to expose it. Specifically, different drugs are injected directly into the lesion through blood vessels or through skin puncture to change the blood supply of the lesion and act directly on the lesion. Different materials and devices can be placed in blood vessels or other ducts of the body (bile duct, esophagus, intestinal duct, trachea) to restore the normal function of these ducts, including blood vessels to restore blood flow, bile ducts to reduce bile accumulation in the liver, esophagus to improve feeding, intestinal ducts to restore the digestive function of the intestines, and trachea to improve breathing. The advantages of interventional therapy Interventional therapy is characterized by small trauma, simplicity, safety, effectiveness, few complications and significantly shorter hospital stay. For diseases requiring medical treatment, the advantages of interventional therapy compared with medical treatment are: drugs can be directly applied to the lesion, which can not only greatly increase the concentration of drugs in the lesion, but also greatly reduce the dosage of drugs and the side effects of drugs. Second, for diseases requiring surgical treatment, the advantages of interventional therapy compared with surgical treatment are: 1, it does not require an incision to expose the lesion, generally only a few millimeters of skin incision, you can complete the treatment, epidermal damage is small, beautiful appearance. 2, most patients only need local anesthesia instead of general anesthesia, thus reducing the risk of anesthesia. 3.Small damage, fast recovery, satisfactory results, and little impact on normal body organs. 4.For malignant tumors that are difficult to treat at present, interventional therapy can confine the drugs to the lesion as much as possible, while reducing the side effects on the body and other organs. Some tumors are comparable to surgical resection after interventional treatment. Because of these advantages, many interventional treatment methods have become one of the most important treatment methods for some diseases (e.g. liver cancer, lung cancer, lumbar disc herniation, aneurysm, vascular malformation, uterine fibroids, etc.). Interventional treatment scope 1, tumor diseases: such as liver cancer, lung cancer, kidney cancer, pancreatic cancer, cervical cancer, breast cancer and other malignant tumors, as well as liver hemangioma, liver and kidney cysts, uterine fibroids, adrenal adenomas, etc. 2, vascular lesions: various causes of vascular stenosis, occlusion, thrombosis, etc. 3.Hemorrhagic diseases: hemorrhage caused by nasopharyngeal disorders, gastrointestinal hemorrhage (vomiting blood, fecal blood), hemoptysis caused by lung diseases, hemorrhage of liver, spleen, kidney and other organs caused by various reasons, hemorrhage of uterus caused by obstetrical and gynecological disorders, pelvic hemorrhage caused by pelvic fracture. 4. Visceral aneurysm and arteriovenous malformation. 5.Non-vascular diseases: esophageal and tracheal stenosis, biliary obstruction (obstructive jaundice) and ureteral stenosis, etc. Disc herniation, vertebral compression fractures, benign bone tumors and tumor-like lesions (percutaneous perforation cement sclerosis)