The most feared complications of autologous stem cell hematopoietic bone marrow transplantation for brain tumor include immunodeficiency infection, interstitial pneumonitis, and hepatic veno-occlusive disease. 1. Immunodeficiency infection: granulocyte deficiency will occur after transplantation, leading to defective immune function of the body, and then secondary bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic infections. 2. Interstitial pneumonia: mainly related to cytomegalovirus, the chance of cytomegalovirus infection increases after transplantation, and interstitial pneumonia infected by cytomegalovirus has a high morbidity and mortality rate, which should be highly valued. 3. Hepatic veno-occlusive disease: mostly related to the damage of vascular endothelial cells caused by radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which in turn causes inflammation and abnormal immune mechanism. The main manifestations are jaundice, hepatomegaly and ascites. When the disease is serious, it is accompanied by encephalopathy and has a high mortality rate. When uncomfortable symptoms appear after autologous stem cell hematopoietic bone marrow transplantation for brain tumor, one should go to the hospital in time.